Pols review 2
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| Indirect lobbying involves each of the following except ______. |
meeting personally with a legislator
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| Today, the role of political parties in American life can best be described as which of the following? |
less dominant than in the past, "think crossover voting"
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| Political machines discouraged ______. |
transparency
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| ______ primaries allow individuals to vote in any primary. |
Open
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| ______ are organizations that nominate and support candidates for elected offices |
Political parties
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| An election that determines a party’s nominees for office is known as a ______ election. | party
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| Tea Partiers and traditional Republicans disagree about many things. This is known as a ______. | factional split
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| National parties are really a consortium of ______. | state parties
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| A split among an electorate along party lines is known as ______ |
polarization
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| ______ has a nonpartisan legislature |
Nebraska
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| The practice of elected officials giving jobs to political supporters is called ______ |
patronage
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| In 1996, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down limits on independent expenditures by political parties. T/F | This is true
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| Super PACs tend to support incumbents over new candidates for office. | This is false
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| The terms “political party” and “interest group” --- ---- be used interchangeably | CAN NOT
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| Each state’s Electoral College vote is equal to its ______. | congressional delegation
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| Maine is unique in that in 2016 it implemented a new voting system, referred to as ______ voting. | ranked choice
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| The ______ ballot arranges the candidates for each office in columns according to their party designation. | party column
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| The ______ ballot is also referred to as a(n) PARTY-column ballot. | Indiana
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| The ______ ballot is also referred to as a(n) OFFICE-group ballot | Massachusetts
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| In 2014, the Government Accountability Office released a study that dismisses the notion that states that adopted strict voter ID laws saw election turn out ---- , compared to states that ----- adopt such laws. | drop, didn't
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| A University of Michigan study shows that voter ID laws actually had the effect of making --------- more likely to vote. | democrats
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| For about 100 years after the Civil War, the Republicans had virtually --- ---------- in the South | no presence
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| A decrease in the amount of money states are able to take in from sales taxes as revenue has resulted from which of the following? | an increase in online purchases, and a shift away from a service oriented economy
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| Roughly ______ % of money coming out of state treasuries goes to K-12 education | 20%
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| Taxes on products aimed specifically at deterring individuals from using those products are called ______ taxes. | sin
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| Sales tax makes up for about ______ % of total state and local government tax revenues. | 15%
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| Taxes that do not alter spending habits or behavior patterns are referred to as ______ taxes. | forced consumption
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| Taxes levied on all taxpayers regardless of income or ability to pay are referred to as ______ taxes | regressive
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| States rich in natural resources tend to have ----- tax burdens than do states that lack such resources. | smaller
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| Most state and local governments budget for ----- | one fiscal year
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| Federal systems --- more like unitary systems than are state systems. | are NOT
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| What are the primary sources of revenue for states and localities? | income, sales, and property taxes. Income and sales taxes make up the majority of combined state tax revenue, while property taxes are the largest source of tax revenue for local governments, including school districts.
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| What are some reasons for tax variation among the states? | Political culture & history, geography, demographics, economic cycles.
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