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AP GOV: Unit 3 Vocab

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
Civil liberties   show
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show A court order requiring explanation to a judge why a prisoner is being held in custody.  
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Ex post facto law   show
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show Clause in the Fifth Amendment limiting the power of the national government; similar clause in the Fourteenth Amendment prohibiting state governments from depriving any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.  
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Selective incorporation   show
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Establishment clause   show
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Free exercise clause   show
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Clear and present danger test   show
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show Censorship imposed before a speech is made or a newspaper is published; usually presumed to be unconstitutional.  
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Unprotected speech   show
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Libel   show
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show Quality or state of a work that taken as a whole appeals to a prurient interest in sex by depicting sexual conduct in a patently offensive way and that lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value.  
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Fighting words   show
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Search warrant   show
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Exclusionary rule   show
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Due process   show
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Procedural due process   show
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Substantive due process   show
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show Trial or punishment for the same crime by the same government; forbidden by the Constitution  
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show Law created after 9/11 that was intended to help government agencies detect and prevent possible acts of terrorism, or sponsorship of terrorist groups.  
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show Law created in 2015 that restored in modified form several provisions of the PATRIOT Act; the act imposes new limits on the bulk collection of telecommunication metadata on U.S. citizens by American intelligence agencies, including the (NSA).  
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Grand jury   show
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show A jury of 6 to 12 persons that determines guilt or innocence in a civil or criminal action.  
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show A formal written statement from a grand jury charging an individual with an offense; also called a true bill.  
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show Agreement between a prosecutor and a defendant that the defendant will plead guilty to a lesser offense to avoid having to stand trial for a more serious offense  
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Eminent domain   show
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show Protect individuals from discrimination based on characteristics such as race, national origin, religion, and sex; these rights are guaranteed to all citizens under the due process and equal protection clauses of the Constitution, + acts of Congress.  
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Natural rights   show
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show Remedial action designed to overcome the effects of discrimination against minorities and women  
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show A legal action conferring citizenship on an alien.  
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Women’s suffrage   show
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show clause in the 14th amend. that forbids any state to deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. This clause is the major constitutional restraint on the power of govts to discriminate against ppl because of race, sex,etc  
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Due process clause   show
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show Literacy requirements some states imposed as a condition of voting, generally used to disqualify black voters in the South; now illegal.  
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White primary   show
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Racial gerrymandering   show
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show Tax required to vote; prohibited for national elections by the Twenty-Fourth Amendment (1964) and ruled unconstitutional for all elections in 1966.  
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show A congressional district created to include a majority of minority voters; ruled constitutional so long as race is not the main factor in redistricting.  
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Jim Crow laws   show
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Civil disobedience   show
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Commerce clause   show
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Class action suit   show
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De jure segregation   show
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show Segregation resulting from economic or social conditions or personal choice.  
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