Phlebotomy chapter 1
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| a portion of a sample | aliquot
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| one or more parts taken from a system | sample
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| portion of a body fluid or tissue taken for examination such as an aliquot of plasma or serum | specimen
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| When can you use alcohol based hand sanitizer in place of washing your hands? | when the hands are NOT visibly contaminated with blood or other body fluids
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| Legislation that guarantees the privacy of individual health information | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
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| Nonprofit organization that publishes standards and guidelines for clinical laboratory procedures | Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)
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| The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) primarily affects blood collectors when? | when they are reporting tests to health care providers
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| processes that occur before testing of a specimen | Preexamination phase
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| Responsibilities of the blood collector | -monitoring of sample ordering
-correct patient identification
-patient communication and safety
-patient preparation
-timing of collections
-phlebotomy equipment
-collection techniques
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| Under HIPAA, written consent by the patient is required to _______? | Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)
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| tests considered easy to perform by following the manufacturer's instructions and that have little risk of error. No special training or education is required. Ex: urine pregnancy test | waived testing
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| Patients who extend their arms after a blood collector has explained a venipuncture procedure are: | giving informed consent
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| microscopy tests performed by a physician, midlevel practitioner, or dentist ex: microscopic urinalysis | Provider Performed Microscopy Procedure (PPMP)
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| Infection acquired by a patient as the result of a hospital stay or an outpatient procedure | Healthcare-associated infection (HAI)
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| A blood collector could be held legally responsible for: | -nerve injury
-injuries when a patient faints
-misidentification of a patient
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| The needle holder that is part of the evacuated tube collection system is: | disposed of as a unit with the collection needle into a sharps container
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| documentation of handling for legal samples | chain of custody
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| When operating a centrifuge, you must make sure to do all of these things: | -make a final balancing check before closing the lid
-secure the lid firmly before starting the machine
-check for any excessive vibration from the machine before walking away
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| Tests that require documentation of training in a test principles, instrument calibration, periodic proficiency testing, and on-site inspections. Personnel performing these tests must have a high school diploma ex: automated complete blood count | moderate complexity tests
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| The recommended disinfectant for blood and body fluid contamination | sodium hypochlorite
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| transmission-based precautions isolation categories | -droplet
-contact
-airborne
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| tests that require sophisticated instrumentation and high degree of interpretation by the testing personnel. | high complexity tests
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| In addition to changing gloves between every patient, blood collectors should always do what? | sanitize or wash their hands
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| If a blood collector is accidentally stuck with a needle, what do they need to be tested for? | -HBV (Hepatitis B)
-HIV
-HCV (Hepatitis C)
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| Independent, not-for-profit organization that accredits and certifies health-care organizations | The Joint Commission
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| Why should samples should remain covered during processing and storage before actual testing? | reduce the chances of splashing, contamination, and evaporation
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| organization of board-certified pathologists that provide laboratory accreditation and proficiency testing for hospital laboratories | College of American Pathologists (CAP)
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| Chain of Infection | Infectious Agent ----> Reservoir ----> Portal of Exit ---->
Means of Transmission ---> Portal of entry ---> Susceptible host
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| Transmission Prevention Guidelines | • wear appropriate PPE
• change gloves between patients
• sanitize hands after removing gloves
• dispose of biohazardous material in designated containers
• properly dispose of sharps in puncture-resistant containers
• do not recap needles
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