Grammatical rules
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| All nouns & the first word in a sentence are… | CAPITALIZED!
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| Double consonants (nn, tt) after a vowel | short vowel sound
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| “h” after a vowel | long vowel sound
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| In German, the half hour is counted in relation to… | the FOLLOWING full hour, not the preceding hour (ex: 8:30 is halb neun or HALFWAY to 9)
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| Use nach/vor/viertel when you | give a person the time that isn’t a whole hour (ex: “Es ist Viertel nach sieben” – "quarter past 7”)
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| The article for all plural nouns | die (ex: der Stuhl >> die Stühle, das Kind >> die Kinder)
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| Find the plural of this dictionary entry: das Buch, - ¨er | die Bücher (dash indicates what goes after word to make it plural – the umlaut goes over the vowel)
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| When you say “I go” in German… | you DO NOT need to say “am” (I go, I am going, I do go --> Ich gehe)
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| Using pronouns (he, she, it) when referring to objects | replace the article (der, die, das) with appropriate pronoun (er, sie, es)
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