Burns
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| government | the institution through which a society makes and enforces public policies
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| public policies | all the things a government decides to do
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| legeslative power | the power to make laws
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| executive power | the power to enforce and administer laws
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| judicial power | the power to interpret laws
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| dictatorship | a government in which all power rests with an individual or small group
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| democracy | a government in which supreme authority rests with the people
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| state | a body of people, living in a defined territory, with a government that can make and enforce law without the consent of any higher authority
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| sovereign | to have supreme and absolute power within a territory
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| divine right | he theory that governments gain their authority from the will of God
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| autocracy | government in which a single person holds all political power
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| oligarchy | government in which a small, usually self-appointed group has the sole power to rule
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| unitary government | a government in which all power belongs to one central agency
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| federal government | a government in which power is divided between one central and several local governments
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| division of powers | the split of power between central and local governments
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| confederation | an alliance of independent states
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| presidential government | a government with separate executive and legislative branches
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| parliamentary government | a government in which the executive branch is part of the legislative branch and subject to its control
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| majority rule | the principle that the will of the majority controls the actions of government
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| compromise | the process of blending and adjusting competing views and interests
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| citizen | one who holds certain rights and responsibilities within a state
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| free enterprise system | an economic system characterized by the private ownership of capital goods, private investment, and a competitive marketplace that determines success or failure
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| limited government | the idea that government is restricted in what it may do and that every individual has certain rights that government cannot remove
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| representative government | the idea that government should both serve and be guided by the will of the people
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| Magna Carta | the Great Charter signed in 1215 that limited the powers of the English king and guaranteed certain fundamental rights
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| due process | protection against the unjust taking of life, liberty, or property
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| Petition of Right | a document signed in 1628 that required the English king to obey the law of the land and increased the influence of Parliament
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| English Bill of Rights | a document signed in 1689 that required free elections and guaranteed many basic rights, such as due process and trial by jury, to all English citizens
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| charter | a written grant of authority from the king
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| bicameral | having two houses, as in a two-house legislature
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| proprietary | the name given to colonies organized and governed according to the will of a proprietor, a person granted land and authority by the king
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| unicameral | having only one house, as in a one house legislature
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| Ordered government | Local governments should be divided into units and ruled by officers according to law.
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| Limited government | Individual citizens have basic rights
There are limits on government power
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| Representative government | Government should serve the will of the people. In other words, people should have a say in what the government does or does not do.
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