Exam Study Guide
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| What are the branches of chemistry? | Organic, Inorganic, Physical, Analytical, Biochemistry, Theoretical
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| What is a chemical? | Any substance that has a definite composition
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| What is chemistry? | The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany these processes
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| A horizontal row of blocks in the periodic table is called | Peroid
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| An example of a extensive phtsical property is | Mass
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| The elements that border the zigzag line in the perodic table are | metalloids
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| Chemical properties are | changes that alter the identity of a substance
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| The branch of chemistry concerned with the properties, changes, and relationships between energy and matter is | Physical chemistry
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| Applied research is | carried out to solve a problem
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| Basic research is | carried out for the sake of increasing knowledge
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| Quantitative observations are recorded using | numerical information
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| Qualitative observations are recorded using | non-numerical information
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| A testable statemet used for making predictions and carrying out futher experiments is a | hypothesis
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| Standards are chosen because they | are reproducable in another laboratory
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| The SI standard units for length and mass are | meter and kilogram
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| The symbol for the metric unit used to measure mass is | g
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| The unit m3(superscript 3) measures | Volume
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| The symbol that represents the measured unit for volume is | mL
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| The SI base unit for time is the | second
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| To calculate the density of an object | divide its mass by its volume
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| Gamma rays are begin | electromagnetic waves
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| A neuclear particle that has about the same mass as a proton, but with no electrical charge is called a | Neutron
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| The forces that hold the particals in the neucleus together are called | nuclear forces
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| The discovery of the electron resulted from experiments using | cathode rays
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| Which instrument detect radition by counting electric pulses carried by ionized gas atoms | Geiger-Muller counters
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| What does the 218 in Polonium-218 represent | the mass number
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| which rays have the most penetrating power | Gamma Rays
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| reactions that affect the neucleus of an atom are called | neuclear reactions
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| who was the schoolmaster who studied chemistry and proposed an atomic theory | john dalton
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| isotopes of an element contain different numbers of | neutrons
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| the distance between two successive peaks on a wave is its | wavelength
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| a quantum of electromagnetis energy is called a | photon
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| as it travels through space, electromagnetic radiation | exhibits wavelike behavior
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| one of the wave properties of electromagnetic radition, such as light, is | frequency
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| in SI the frequency of electromagnetic radiation is measured in | hertz
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| how many quantum numbers are needed to describe the energy state of an electron in an atom | 4
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| the number of orbitals for the d sublevel is | 5
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| for the f sublevel the number of orbitals is | 7
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| what is the total number of electrons needed to fill the first 2 main energy levels | 10
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| how many electrons can occupy the s orbitals at each energy level | two, if they have opposite spins
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| in the modern perodic table, elements are ordered according to | increasing atomic number
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| the discovery of the Nobel Gases changed Mendeleev's by adding a new | group
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| to which group do fluorine and chlorine belong | halogens
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| Argon, Krypton, and Xenon are | Nobel Gases
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| a positative ion is known as a | cation
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| a negative ion is known as a | anion
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| valence electrons are the electrons in the | in the highest energy level
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| the number of valence electrons in group 17 is | 7
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| the number of valence electrons in group 1 elements is | 1
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| the number of valence electrons in group 2 elements are | 2
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| a covalent bond results when _______ are shared | electrons
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| most chemical bonds are | partly ionic and partly covalent
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| an octet is equal to | 8
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| Malleability and ductility are characteristiss of substances with | metalic bonds
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| the electron-sea model of bonding represents | metallic bonding
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| an example of a molecular formula is | NH3
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| the chemical bond formed when 2 atoms share electrons is called | covalent bond
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| the electrons involved in the formation of a chemical bond are called | valence electrons
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| an example of a formula unit is | NaCl
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| a compound that vaporizes readily at room tempature is most likely to be a | molecular compound
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