Vocabulary Flashcards for Thermal Energy Unit
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| energy | the ability to move or change something
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| kinetic energy | the energy that an object has because it is moving
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| potential energy | the energy that is stored in an object (not moving yet)
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| molecule | a group of atoms joined together in a particular way
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| temperature | a measure of how hot or cold something is; the measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules
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| increase | become or make greater in size or amount
Example - temperature of a substance increases - it gets hotter; the molecules moves farther and faster
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| decrease | make or become smaller or fewer in size or amount
Example - temperature of a substance gets colder; the molecules get closer and move slower
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| system | a set of parts that form a complex whole
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| How does heat transfer? | hot to cold
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| When heat is ADDED to a substance/sample, the molecules move __________ (faster or slower)? | faster
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| When heat is REMOVED from a substance/sample, the molecules move __________ (faster or slower)? | slower
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| What happens to the molecules of a substance when the temperature decreases? | The energy of the molecules decreases.
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| When a candle is blown out, the temperature of the wax decreases in temperature. What happens to the molecules of the wax? | The molecules slow down and lose energy.
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| A larger sample with more molecules will take __________ (more or less) time to change temperature than a smaller sample with less molecules. | more
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| When I put cold milk in my glass, the energy of the glass decreases. What happens to the energy of the cold milk? (increase or decrease) | The energy of the cold milk increases while the temperature of the glass decreases. Milk is cold and Glass is warm; Energy transfers hot to cold so the glass gives energy to warm the milk.
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| When I put a hot burrito on my plate, the energy of the plate increases. What happens to the energy of the burrito? | The energy of the burrito decreases while the energy of the plate increases. (hot to cold)
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| thermal energy | the total amount of kinetic energy in a substance
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| What has more thermal energy - a glass of water or a bathtub of water? | The bathtub of water because it has more molecules and therefore more total thermal energy.
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