Waves
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| Waves | Waves are Oscillations that carry energy.
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| Oscillation | an up and down or back or forth motion.
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| Mechanical Energy | Waves that move through vacuums.
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| Types of Mechanical Waves | Three types of mechanical waves are transverse waves, longitudinal waves and surface waves.
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| Electromagnetic Waves | one of the waves that are propagated by simultaneous periodic variations of electric and magnetic field intensity and that include radio waves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays
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| Types of Electromagnetic Waves | the 4 types of electromagnetic waves are X-ray waves
Radio waves Television waves Light waves
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| Wave Properties | are elements we can measure for ANY wave.
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| Amplitude | is one half the distance between a waves high point.
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| Crest | low point
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| Trough | low point
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| Resting Point | the position of the pointer with respect to the pointer scale when the beam has ceased moving
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| Wavelength and symbol | is measured from a point on one wave to the same point on the next wave like crest to crest or trough to trough.
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| Wavelength Units | the distance between two successive crests of a wave.
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| 3 ways to measure | Inches, feet, centimeters
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| Frequency | the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given unit if time.
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| Units for Frequency | hertz
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| Wave Speed | represented in equations as v (velocity).
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| Wave Speed Units | the time it takes wave to move from one point to another.
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| Wave Speed Equation | wave speed = frequency * wavelength (abbreviated as v = f * ).
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| Medium | an agency or means of doing something.
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| Reflection | is when a wave bounces off a surface.
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| Law of Reflection | explains that waves get reflected in a particular way - a wave reflects at the same angle as the angle that it moved toward the barrier.
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| Reflected Ray | A ray of light or other form of radiant energy which is thrown back from a non permeable or non absorbing surface; the ray which strikes the surface before reflection is the incident ray.
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| Incident Ray | is a ray of light that strikes a surface.
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| Refraction | and is caused by waves traveling at different speeds in different mediums ( or substances ).
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| Diffraction | is bending of waves around a barrier or the or spreading of waves past small openings.
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| Interference | The result of waves colliding with each other.
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| Constructive Interference | or they interfere with each other and cancel each other out.
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| Destructive Interference | When you jump on a trampoline with friends. you experience constructive and destructive interference.
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| Absorption | is the transfer of energy from a wave to matter as the wave passes through it.
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| Absorbed Colors | absorb only specific wavelengths which is how we see color.
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| Reflected Colors | When we see a red apple, it's because every other color EXCEPT red is being absorbed and red is being reflected.
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| Electromagnetic Spectrum | Electromagnetic waves are TRANVERSE WAVES, made of electric and magnetic fields.
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| Visible Light Spectrum | The only kind of electromagnetic wave, we can see with our bare eyes is visible light. which is only a tiny fraction of all electromagnetic waves the visible.
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| Longitudinal Wave | A sound wave is a LONGITUDINAL WAVE, which means that it oscillates in the same direction as it moves.
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| Expansion | the action of becoming larger or more extensive.
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| Compression | The INTENSITY of a sound wave is how much energy the sound wave carriers past a certain area.
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| Intensity | the INTENSITY of a sound wave is how energy the sound wave carries past a certain area.
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| Units of Sound | A sound wave can travel in matter only because it needs to transfer its energy from molecule to molecule.
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| Pitch | Our perception of sound wave frequency.
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| Analog Signal | carry information but vary continuously in both amplitude and frequency.
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| Digital Signal | send information as wave pulses, and communicate only through Is and Os, so the form that the in formation takes is much simpler.
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