Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Microscopic study of the skin’s tissue | Skin histology
🗑
|
||||
| Study of the skin, its structure, functions, diseases and treatments | Dermatology
🗑
|
||||
| Tiny openings or passageways, which allow sweat or sebum to pass through the surface of the skin | Pore
🗑
|
||||
| A pore can contain it or an opening that contains the root of a hair | Hair follicle
🗑
|
||||
| 6 functions pores assist the skin in performing | 1.Protection
2. Absorption
3. Secretion
4. Excretion
5. Regulation
6. Sensation
🗑
|
||||
| Skin function: shields internal tissues from toxins and acts as barrier to infectious bacteria and to extreme heat and cold | Protection
🗑
|
||||
| Using it’s thousand of pores on the surface of the skin to provide necessary moisture, nourishment and protection - penetration | Absorption
🗑
|
||||
| COmplex mixture of fatty substances that keeps the skin soft, supple and pliable | Sebum
🗑
|
||||
| Protective barrier to prevent bacteria from invading the skin. Layer of sebum on the skin | Acid Mantle
🗑
|
||||
| Skin releasing sebum-a function | Secretion
🗑
|
||||
| Removal of waste via the skin | Excretion
🗑
|
||||
| Maintaining tempature | Regulation
🗑
|
||||
| Contains millions of nerve end fibers that transport stimuli sent from brain and spinal cord to the corresponding parts of the body | Sensation
🗑
|
||||
| Primary component of skin cells is a protein substances called | Keratin
🗑
|
||||
| Keratin is found in 2 forms: | 1. Hard Keratin
2. Soft Keratin
🗑
|
||||
| Makes up the fingernails and hair | Hard Keratin
🗑
|
||||
| Makes up the skin | Soft Keratin
🗑
|
||||
| The outermost layer of the skin, also referred to as the cuticle or scarf skin | Epidermis or epidermal layer
🗑
|
||||
| The underlying or inner, second layer of the skin also called the derma, cornium, cutis or true skin | Dermis or dermal layer
🗑
|
||||
| Located below the dermis and is composed primarily of _______ | Subcutaneous layer, also called subcutis or subdermis
___Adipose or fatty tissue
🗑
|
||||
| Known as the protective layer | Epidermis
🗑
|
||||
| Epidermis is primarily composed of | Keratinocytes, which consist of the protein keratin
🗑
|
||||
| In addition to the keratinocytes, the epidermis layer is also made up of | Epithelial cells with cover and protect the inside of the body
🗑
|
||||
| 5 layers of the epidermis: | 1. Stratum corneum
2. Stratum Lucidum
3. Stratum Granulosum
4. Stratum Spinosum
5. Stratum Germinativum
🗑
|
||||
| First passageway into the skin. Keratinocytes are located within the | Stratum corneum
🗑
|
||||
| Toughest layer of the epidermis. Keratinocytes are continually shed and replaced by new cells from the layers below. | Stratum Corneum
🗑
|
||||
| Unlike hard keratin found in nails, Keratin produced by the skin remains soft through a process called | Keratinization, the chemical conversion of living cells into dead protein cells.
🗑
|
||||
| Layer that is hardened, cornfield, horny cells | Stratum Corneum
🗑
|
||||
| Layer that is transparent, clear (ludic) cells | Stratum Lucidum
🗑
|
||||
| Layer that has grain like cells | Stratum Granulosum
🗑
|
||||
| Layer that is spiny, irregularly shaped cells | Stratum Spinosum
🗑
|
||||
| Layer that is cell growth, (Basal or Basement layer) | Stratum Germinativum or Statum Basale
🗑
|
||||
| Keratinization takes place on all exposed skin surfaces except the cornea of the eye. On exposed surface, the keratinocytes remain tightly interconned by intercellular connections called | Desmosomes
*the interconnectedness makes this lay water resistant, protects the skin’s moisture balance by acting as barrier to moisture loss
🗑
|
||||
| Normally Keratinocytes remain in the stratum Corneum for about ____ days before they are shed | 28
🗑
|
||||
| Cells within the stratum Corneum protect the layers below with _____ | Squamous cells
🗑
|
||||
| Layer found throughout the body but is thickest on the palms of the hand and soles of the feet. Transparent layer that lies between the stratum corneum and the stratum granulosum | Stratum Lucidum
🗑
|
||||
| Keratinocytes of this layer contain densely packed clear keratin. | Stratum Lucidum
🗑
|
||||
| In this layer, cells are more regularly shaped and resemble may tiny granulated. | Stratum Granulosum
🗑
|
||||
| Granules (dying cells) on their way to the skin’s surface to replace cells that are shed from the Stratum Corneum are located in what layer | Statum granulosum
🗑
|
||||
| Structures or components that perform specific functions for each cell | Organelles
🗑
|
||||
| All the cells are dead in the following layers: | Stratum granulosum, stratum Lucidum, stratum corneum
🗑
|
||||
| Called the spiny layer because of the desmosomes (intercellular connections) appear as spines | Statum Spinosum
🗑
|
||||
| There are ____ to _____ layers in the stratum spinosum | 8-10
🗑
|
||||
| Found in the Stratum Spinosum layer and help protect the body from infection | Langerhans Cells
🗑
|
||||
| Foreign substances that provoke an immune response in the body are known as | Antigens
🗑
|
||||
| Immune Cells called ________ recognize the antigens displayed on the Langerhans cells to assist in destroying them | T-Cells
🗑
|
||||
| Lowest layer of the epidermis is the | Stratum Germinativum or Basal Layer
🗑
|
||||
| Contains basal cells that continually divide through a process called mitosis, to replace the cells that are lost from the cornfield outermost layer. | Stratum Germinativum or Basal Layer
🗑
|
||||
| Replacing of the Stratum Corneum layer from theStratum Germinativum takes approximately | 25-30 days
🗑
|
||||
| Connections in the stratum Germinativum-one layer- which contains specialized cellular connections. These connections attach the epidermis to the dermis forming what is called the basement membrane | Hemidesmosomes
🗑
|
||||
| The basal cells in the basement membrane eventually become | Keratinocytes
🗑
|
||||
| Merkel and melanocytes cells are found in the | Stratum Germinativum
🗑
|
||||
| Touch receptors, or sensory cells, that are only found in thick skin (without hair) in the stratum Germinativum. | Gives skin it’s color and are NOT found in the thick skin such as the palms of your hands or the soles of your feet
🗑
|
||||
| Melanocytes, Melanosomes | Melanocytes produce _________ , which is packaged in intracellular vesicles called _____________
🗑
|
||||
| In response to UV rays, Melanocytes increase the production of | Melanosomes
🗑
|
||||
| Referred to the “true skin”, it is 25 times thicker than the epidermis and nourishes the lower epidermis | Dermis
🗑
|
||||
| Functions as the support structure, is comprised of many connective tissues and is rich in capillaries and blood vessels. | The dermis
🗑
|
||||
| Connective tissues in the dermis are composed of a semi-fluid, jellylike substance containing | Fibroblast cells, collagen protein and elastin fibers
🗑
|
||||
| Found in the dermis, these are responsible for the formation of fibers and aid in the production of collagen and elastin | Fibroblast cells
🗑
|
||||
| Strong protein substance that when broken down, forms bundles that strengthen and give structure to the skin. Makes up approximately 70% of the dermis | Collagen
🗑
|
||||
| Found in bone cartilage, tendons, and other connective tissues and is a major component in would healing and scar formation | Collagen.
🗑
|
||||
| Excessive amounts of collagen may product thick, raised scars called | Keloids as well as hypertrophic scars
🗑
|
||||
| Fiberous protein, similar to collagen and is the basis of what forms elastic tissue | Elastin
*When functioning properly can stretch to 2 x original length
🗑
|
||||
| Cells located in the dermis, respond to allergies by releasing small granules called histamines | Mast Cells
🗑
|
||||
| 2 layers of the dermis | 1. Papillary dermis
2. Reticular dermis
🗑
|
||||
| Layer lies directly beneath the epidermis, rich in blood vessels and capillaries, provides nutrients to the upper layer. It’s finger like projections extend into the epidermis to nourish the skin | Papillary dermis
🗑
|
||||
| Papillary dermis houses sensory nerve endings called | Receptors
*Pain receptors are free nerve endings not associated with cells.
🗑
|
||||
| Merkel cells found in ___________of the palms and soles, have specialized nerve endings associated with them. Pain receptors detect extreme temperatures, mechanical surface injury and chemical applications such as high level chem peels | Stratum Germinativum
🗑
|
||||
| Free nerve endings located in the dermis. Cold receptors outnumber the heat receptors by 3-4 times. | Thermoreceptors
🗑
|
||||
| Sense stretching, compression or twisting of the skin. These actions distort cell membranes which cause ______________ to respond. | Mechanoreceptors
🗑
|
||||
| Tactile receptors are those that sense | General touch, pressure or vibration
🗑
|
||||
| 4 Main receptors for sensation: | 1. Meissner’s Corpuscles
2. Ruffini’s Corpuscles
3. Pack Ian Corpuscles
4. Krause’s End Bulbs
🗑
|
||||
| Light pressure and cold receptors | Meissner’s Corpuscles
🗑
|
||||
| Long term pressure and heat receptors | Ruffini’s Corpuscles
🗑
|
||||
| Deep pressure and pain receptors | Pacinian Corpuscles
🗑
|
||||
| Pressure and pain receptors | Krause’s End Bulbs
🗑
|
||||
| Lowest layer of the dermis | Reticular Dermis
🗑
|
||||
| Contains fewer blood vessels, in direct contact with the subcutaneous layer. Contains the collagen and elastin fibers that provide skin with its strength and flexibility | Reticular Dermis
🗑
|
||||
| _________ is the skin’s mattress __________ is the coils that hold it together | Collagen
Elastin
🗑
|
||||
| 5 things that originate in the reticular dermis | 1. Sudoriferous glands (sweat)
2. Sebaceous glands (oil)
3. Hair Follicles
4. Lymph vessels
5. Arrector pili muscles
🗑
|
||||
| Produce sweat, a mixture of water, urea, electrolytes and lactic acid. Controlled by the body’s nervous system. | Sudoriferous glads
🗑
|
||||
| Each sudoriferous gland consists of: | A coiled base and tube-like duct opening on the skin’s surface in the form of a sweat pore.
🗑
|
||||
| Considered to be appendages of the skin, there are two types of sudoriferous glands | 1. Apocrine
2. Eccrine
🗑
|
||||
| Sweat glands located under the arms, in genitals and the nipples. Secrete odorless susbstance which triggered by emotions rather than horomones | Apocrine Glands
🗑
|
||||
| Odor occurs when secretion attack bacteria on the surface of the skin. These are the only sweat glands that tend to be associated with a hair follicle and are not a major concern for a skin care professional | Apocrine Glands
🗑
|
||||
| Sweat glands located throughout the entire body and most abundant on the forehead, palms of the hands and soles of the feet | Eccrine glands
🗑
|
||||
| Sweat gland opens directly onto the skin’s surface through pores not associated with hair follicles. Associated with skin care treatments and of concern for estheticians | Eccrine glands
🗑
|
||||
| Like the thyroid gland, release their secretions (horomones) into the blood and are known as ductless glands. | Endocrine Glands
🗑
|
||||
| Like sweat gland and sebaceous gland, these release their secretions into ducts. These ducts deposit the glandular secretions on the surface of the skin | Exocrine glands
🗑
|
||||
| Influenced by the sympathetic nervous system, which produces physiological responses such as increased heart rate, blood flow, sweating and faster respiration. | Eccrine Glands
*Most active when body is subject to physical activity and high tempatures
🗑
|
||||
| Primarily responsible for thermoregulation or lowering body temperature | Eccrine
🗑
|
||||
| Glands that continually produce and secrete sebum | Sebaceous glands
🗑
|
||||
| Complex mixture of fatty substances. Known as oil glands located in the dermis and distributed all over the surface of the body except in the palm and soles. | Sebaceous Glands
🗑
|
||||
| Largest number of sebaceous glands are found in the | Forehead, nose and back
🗑
|
||||
| Attached to the upper 1/3 of the hair follicle and are 2-3 times larger around facial hair follicles than scalp hair follicles | Sebaceous glands
🗑
|
||||
| Amount of sebum produced by the sebaceous glands is influenced by | Androgen - male horomones present in men and women
🗑
|
||||
| Sebaceous glands originate in the dermis, open to surface of skin, produce and release sebum to condition skin. Sebum mixes with secretion of the sweat glands creating a layer of oil and moisture called | The Acid Mantle
🗑
|
||||
| Located beneath the dermis, composed of primarily adipose tissue | Subcutaneous layer, also called subcutis or subdermis
🗑
|
||||
| Also contains some components of the sweat glands, some sensory nerves that recognize tough, pressure and temperature but mainly composed of adipose cells and loose connective tissue | Subcutaneous Layer
🗑
|
||||
| 5 types of tissue found in the skin | 1.Epithelial
2.Connective
3. Muscular
4.Nerve
5. Liquid
🗑
|
||||
| Type of tissue found in the epidermis | Epithelial
🗑
|
||||
| Type of tissue found in the dermis | Connective
🗑
|
||||
| Type of tissue found in muscles | Muscular
🗑
|
||||
| Type of tissue found in nerves | Nerve
🗑
|
||||
| Type of tissue found in blood and lymph | Liquid
🗑
|
||||
| 4 Examples of connective tissue | -Collagen and elastin, which attaché the dermis to the subcutaneous tissue
-Ligaments, which hold bones to other bones to form joints
-Tendons, which tie muscles to bones
-Cartilage, which lines the parts of the bone that would otherwise rub in joints
🗑
|
||||
| Produce collagen and elastin | Fibroblast cells
🗑
|
||||
| Contains fat used for energy production; also found in the subcutaneous layer | Adipocytes
🗑
|
||||
| Respon to allergic stimuli; contains granules with histamines | Mast Cells
🗑
|
||||
| Surround and digest foreign substances; white blood cells | Macrophages
🗑
|
||||
| Carry lymph | Lymphocytes
🗑
|
||||
| Fight infections | Microphages
🗑
|
||||
| Respond to pain; free nerve endings not associated with cells | Pain Rreceptors
🗑
|
||||
| Respond to temperature changes; free nerve endings not associated with cells | Thermoreceptors
🗑
|
||||
| Respond to stimuli that distort cell membranes; stretching, compression, twisting | Mechanoreceptors
🗑
|
||||
| Report the degree of mechanical distortion and the amount of weight | Pressure receptors
🗑
|
||||
| Report fine touch, pressure and vibrations | Tactile receptors
🗑
|
||||
| Report light pressure and cold | Meissner’s corpuscles
🗑
|
||||
| Report long-term pressure and heat | Ruffini’s corpuscles
🗑
|
||||
| Report deep pressure and pain | Pacinian corpuscles
🗑
|
||||
| Report pressure and pain | Krause’s end bulb
🗑
|
||||
| Cell located in the epidermis, covers and protects | Epithelial cells
🗑
|
||||
| Cell located throughout the epidermis. Produce keratin; majority of cells in epidermis | Keratinocytes
🗑
|
||||
| Cell located in Statum Germinativum, produce pigment granules that give color to the skin | Melanocytes
🗑
|
||||
| Cell located in the stratum Germinativum, divide and produce new cells to replace the skin cells that have been shed | Basal Cells
🗑
|
||||
| Cells located in the subcutaneous layer, provide insulation from and absorption of mechanical forces | Adipose cells
🗑
|
||||
| Cell located in the dermal layer, provide structure by making collagen and elastin fibers | Fibroblast
🗑
|
||||
| Cell located in the stratum spinosum, identify antigenic substances; immune cells | Langerhans cells
🗑
|
||||
| Cells located as the spines between the cells, provides strength and support between cells | Desmosomes
🗑
|
||||
| Cells located in the bottom layer of the epidermis, Conner the dermis to the epidermis | Hemidesmosomes
🗑
|
||||
| Cells located int he stratum Germinativum, detect subtle, gentle to light tough; slow reacting mechanoreceptors found in the epidermis; touch receptors | Merkel Cells
🗑
|
||||
| The process of _______ stimulates new cell growth | Exfoliation
🗑
|
||||
| Physical process of removing dead skin cells with an abrasive product, such as a scrub | Mechanical or manual exfoliation
🗑
|
||||
| Process of using natural substances such as enzymes or alpha hydroxy acids in conjunction with other ingredients | Chemical exfoliation
🗑
|
||||
| Process of absorption into the skin is known as | Transdermal penetration
🗑
|
||||
| 4 primary ways that products are absorbed into the skin | 1. Through pores
2. Through hair follicles
3. Through intercellular cement
4. Through sebaceous and sudoriferous glands
🗑
|
||||
| The substance that binds, adds structural strength, and mediates biochemical interactions between cells | Intercellular cement
🗑
|
||||
| Factors affecting skin absorption | -Condition of the stratum Corneum, thicker=slower
-Hydration level; more moisture=slower
-Oiliness of the skin; more oil=slower
-Size of products molecules: larger molecule=slower
-Temperature of skin:Higher=slower
-Pore size: larger=faster
-Temp
🗑
|
||||
| Characteristics include: small red bumps, urticaria (hives), blisters, scales, and erythema (redness) | Rash
🗑
|
||||
| A change in the structure of the skin tissue | Lesion
🗑
|
||||
| 2 types of lesions | 1. Primary
2. Secondary
🗑
|
||||
| Changes in the structure of the skin during the early stages of change and development | Primary lesions
🗑
|
||||
| 7 Primary lesions | 1. Macule
2. Wheal
3. Paulette
4. Pustule
5. Vehicle
6. Nodule/Tumor
7. Cyst
🗑
|
||||
| Discoloration on the skins surface. Flat areas, usually rounded and distance, may be oval irregular or have an outline that gradually fades into surrounding tissues. Example is large freckle | Macule
🗑
|
||||
| Solid formation above the skin, often caused by insect bites or allergic reaction. Sharply defined or solid, raised pink swelling or welt that rises above the skin | Wheal (weel)
🗑
|
||||
| Small elevation of the skin, usually inflammatory, that does not contain pus. Similar to vesicles in size, if they progress they can become pustules | Papule
🗑
|
||||
| Small inflamed elevation, the next step in the progression from a papule, filled with bacterial fluid and pus. Appear red and cloudy or white | Pustule
🗑
|
||||
| Fluid filled elevation in the skin caused by localized accumulation of fluids or blood just below the epidermis. Also known as a blister | Vesicle
🗑
|
||||
| Blister, and the Latin word for bubble, is a lesion similar to a visible but larger. Found above and below the skin and contains a clear watery fluid | Bulla
🗑
|
||||
| Solid mass within the skin. It may be soft, hard, fixed or freely moving | Nodule or tumor
🗑
|
||||
| An abnormal membranous sac containing a gaseous liquid or semi-solid substance | Cyst
🗑
|
||||
| Skin lesions that appear as a condition or disease progresses and requires treatment by a physician. | Secondary Lesions
🗑
|
||||
| A dried mass that is the remains of an oozing sore. The crusty material may contain blood, pus, sebum, epithelial tissue, and bacterial debris. Scab on a sore is an example | Crust
🗑
|
||||
| Mechanical abrasion of the epidermis. Appears bright to dark red because of dried blood, and occurs when insect bites, scabs or acne breakouts are scratched. Scratches to the surface of the skin | Excoriation
🗑
|
||||
| Is the shedding of dead skin cells of the uppermost layer of the epidermis. May be dry, such as with psoriasis or oily such as with dandruff | Scale
🗑
|
||||
| A formation resulting from a lesion, which extends into the dermis or deeper, and is part of the normal healing process. Permanent, can generally become less noticeable with time. Size and shape are dependent upon the extent of the original injury | Scar
🗑
|
||||
| Crack or line in the skin, may penetrate as deep as the dermis. Can be dry or moist. Often occur when skin loses it’s. Flexibility due to exposure to wind, cold or water | Fissure
🗑
|
||||
| Open lesion visible on the surface of the skin that may result in the loss of portions of the dermis and may be accompanied by pus. Skin care services may not be performed when such a condition is present | Ulcer
🗑
|
||||
| Hereditary rash or inflammation of the skin characterized by dry, sensitive irritated skin. Excess inflammation in the skin. Common locations are face, neck, and body folds. | Atopic Dermatitis
🗑
|
||||
| Rash caused by either an allergic reaction from contact with substances or non-allergic irritation from contact. Red, itchy, irritated eruption in the specific area of contact. | Contact Dermatitis
🗑
|
||||
| Common rash with redness and scaly, pinkish-yellow patches that have an oily appearance. Usually affects scalp but can also affect the face, chest, creases of arms, legs and groin. | Seborrheic Dermatitis (a form of eczema)
🗑
|
||||
| Inheritable disease that can be triggered by environmental factors if person is genetically predisposed to the disease. Produces an excess of thick, scaly, silvery skin pat aches surround by a red area. Chronic condition that can’t be cured | Psoriasis
🗑
|
||||
| Dry or noise lesions, an eruption of small vesicles and watery discharge. Generally accompanied by inflammatory redness and itching.Vesicles dry up leaving crusts. Skin care treatments should not be performed on active condition | Eczema
🗑
|
||||
| Allergic reaction that produces eruptions of wheals, also referred to as urticaria, rashes are triggered by a release of histamine in the body. Tend to be very itchy and can burn or sting as well | Hives
🗑
|
||||
| Caused by pathogenic bacteria or virus entering the body or skin and multiplying, interfering with the body’s normal state. | Infection
🗑
|
||||
| Highly contagious viral infection that lies dormant between outbreaks. Causes eruptive, blister like clusters and found on mucous membranes or skin around the mouth, nose, or genital area. No cure Transmitted when lesion comes into contact with uninfected | Herpes Simplex
🗑
|
||||
| Caused by the varicella-zoster virus (chickenpox). Starts with pain, tenderness and burning along a nerve root area on one side of the body only. Blisters occur within 5 days and can last up to 10 | Herpes Zoster (shingles)
🗑
|
||||
| Highly contagious bacterial infection caused by staphylococcus Aureus organism. Produces a honey yellow, crusted lesion, usually on face, scalp or neck. | Impetigo
🗑
|
||||
| Contagious fungal disease characterized by red circular patches of blisters, caused by a fungal vegetable parasite. | Tinea (ringworm)
🗑
|
||||
| Fungal infection affecting the trunk, legs, or arms, characterized by a pink to red rash and itching | Tinea Corporis
🗑
|
||||
| Commonly known as tri-color yeast infection. Non contagious infection produces hypopigmented areas usually on neck, chest, back, and arms. Areas do not tan when infected | Tinea Versicolor or Pityriasis Versicolor
🗑
|
||||
| Viral infections on the top layer of skin that are caused by HPV. Produce a rough keratotic (deep horny skin layer) skin growths, found on hands, fingers, feet, and genitals | Warts or Verruca
🗑
|
||||
| Common skin infection caused by yeast. Red, well demarcated patches with a white film around them. Thrive on moist surfaces and in the folds of skin such as breast, arms, groin, mouth and vaginal area | Candida Albicans
🗑
|
||||
| Acute and very contagious, an inflammation of the membrane that lines the eyelid. Inflammation of the eyelids and eyeballs | Pink eye or Conjunctivitis
🗑
|
||||
| Over or Under activity of these glands can produce a variety of skin conditions | Sebaceous Gland Disorders
🗑
|
||||
| Dry scaly skin caused by reduced sebum production. Condition also occurs as tissue ages | Asteatosis or Xerosis
🗑
|
||||
| Condition caused by excess secretion of the sebaceous glands. Commonly associated with oily skin types | Seborrhea
🗑
|
||||
| Harmless sebaceous cyst filled with sebum which is considered a tumor of the sebaceous gland. Also called wens, usually appear on scalp, neck or back and range in size. When ruptures, can be painful as it stimulates inflammation response | Steatoma or wens
🗑
|
||||
| Painful infection of a hair follicle and adjacent subcutaneous tissue that appears as a firm nodule with a central, hard, pus-filled core. Involves 1 hair follicle | Furuncle or boil
🗑
|
||||
| Painful acute bacterial infection involves several hair follicles and the adjacent subcutaneous tissue. Larger than boils and often look like red nodules that ooze. Have a tendency to spread, have no central core and drain at several openings | Carbuncle (group of boils)
🗑
|
||||
| Chronic inflammatory condition of the face in which small capillaries of the face become dilated and inflamed. Superficial tissue of the face also becomes inflamed on the nose, cheeks, and chin. Often accompanied by red, acne type pustules and papule. | Rosacea
*Common around age 35, prevalent in fair skin types and women.
🗑
|
||||
| Dilated capillaries at the surface of the skin are called______ these broken and inflamed blood vessels cause a persistent red, flushed look, typical of a person with rosacea | Telangiectasia
🗑
|
||||
| More sever form of rosacea which causes the tissue of the nose to swell and enlarge. Nose is red and marked with numerous telangiectasias causing elevated dark red blotches on the skin. More common in men | Rhinophyma
🗑
|
||||
| Chronic inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands. Occurs when hair follicles become plugged with sebum, dead skin cells and bacterial called PROPIONIBACTERIUM OR P. ACNESBACTERIA | Acne
🗑
|
||||
| This anaerobic bacteria flourishes in the absence of oxygen, irritates and inflames the hair follicle lining and causes the sebaceous gland to clog. Sebum cont. to be produced and trapped with bacterial under the skin along with pus. | Propionibacterium or P. Acne’s Bacteria
🗑
|
||||
| Acne is always caused by excess | Androgen
🗑
|
||||
| In acne, the degree of pore clogging is directly related to the accumulation of the keratinized skin cells that adhere to the follicle, called | Retention Hyperkeratosis
🗑
|
||||
| An open follicle with a black surface plug, which has been oxidized and discolored due to the sebum’s contact with the air. No skin covering the opening where the sebum comes into contact with the air | Blackhead or Open Comedo
🗑
|
||||
| Plural of comedo | Comedones
🗑
|
||||
| Plugged sebaceous gland with an opening that is not widely dilated. Bulge because sebum produced cannot escape. Generally soft, lack of inflammation and are easy to extract | Whitehead or closed comedo
🗑
|
||||
| Mild acne consisting of open and closed comedones scattered over less than half of the areas of the face or back. | Grade 1 Acne
🗑
|
||||
| Moderate acne that has an increased number of open and closed comedones as well as an occasional papule or pustule | Grade 2 Acne
🗑
|
||||
| Moderately severe acne that is characterized by numerous open and closed comedones, papule, pustules and occasional cysts. Frequently red and inflamed. Some acne scarring can start especially with the cystic lesions or acne lesions that have been picked | Grade 3 Acne - DO NOT TREAT
🗑
|
||||
| Severe acne consisting of numerous papule and pustules as well as a large number of cysts on the face, chest, and/or back. Large cystic lesions leave deep scarring. Acne can occur over 50% or more of the face | Grade 4 Acne - DO NOT TREAT
🗑
|
||||
| Small elevation of the skin, usually inflammatory, that does not contain pus | Papule
🗑
|
||||
| Small inflamed elevation, the next step in the progression from a papule, fulled with bacterial fluid and pus. Appear read and cloudy or white | Pustule
🗑
|
||||
| Pearly white enclosed cysts | Milia
🗑
|
||||
| Characteristic by inflammatory hard lesions found deeper in the skin at the point where the hair follicle becomes plugged with dead skin cell | Nodular Cystic Acne
🗑
|
||||
| Acne treatments include: | Topical therapies, medications, oral medications, & various other treatments
🗑
|
||||
| An ingredient used to dry and exfoliate. Releases oxygen, which helps in killing the bacteria | Benzoyl Peroxide
🗑
|
||||
| Medications prescribed by a physician to dry the skin and kill the bacteria that cause acne | Topical antibiotics
🗑
|
||||
| Contains Tretinoin, a powerful derivative of Vitamin A that dries the skin and promotes rapid exfoliation | Retain-A
🗑
|
||||
| An acid that promotes drying and cell turnover | Azaleic acid
🗑
|
||||
| A beta hydroxy acid that mildly dries and promotes cell turnover by producing a mild keratolyic action | Salicylic acid
🗑
|
||||
| An alpha hydroxy acid that breaks the bonds that connect skin cells together, allowing for cell turnover and exfoliation. Glycolic and alpha hydroxy peels remove the stratum corneum and unplug clogged pores | Glycolic acid
🗑
|
||||
| Oral therapies include the use of antibiotics such as: | Tetracycline, Minocycline, Erythromycin, which inhibit the growth of bacteria
🗑
|
||||
| Related to Retinoic Acic and sometimes prescribed for severe cases of grade 3 or 4 acne. Works by inhibiting the functioning of the sebaceous glands and the process of keratinization | Accurate, also called Isotretinoin
🗑
|
||||
| Foul smelling perspiration caused by the yeast and bacterial that break down the sweat on the surface of the skin | Bromidrosis or Osmidrosis
🗑
|
||||
| Lack of perspiration caused by a failure of the sweat glands. Often caused by fever or illness and requires medical attendion | Anhidrosis
🗑
|
||||
| Over production of perspiration caused by excessive heat or general body weakness | Hyperhidrosis
🗑
|
||||
| Small projections on the skin that can develop as a result of a variety of causes such as sun exposure, hormonal changes, trauma to the skin or rubbing. Can be classified as benign, pre-malignant or malignant tumors | Skin Growths
🗑
|
||||
| Have a regular shape, are skin colored or brown, can be flat or raised and are symmetrical | Being growths or moles
🗑
|
||||
| Small elevated growths that can easily be removed by a physician. Found where skin rubs against itself or clothing | Skin tags
🗑
|
||||
| Similar in appearance to malignant growths. Can be flat or raised, and are irregular in shape and border. Can be shades of black, brown, red, blue, or white | Pre-malignant growths
🗑
|
||||
| Common pre-malignant growths on the skin that are irregularly shaped, scaly, red-pink growths that feel rough to the touch and occur on sun-exposed areas | Actinic Keratosis
🗑
|
||||
| Cancerous growths | Malignant Growths
🗑
|
||||
| Common malignant lesions that tend to appear translucent, have irregular borders and tiny blood vessels running through them | Basal Cell Carcinomas
🗑
|
||||
| An irregular, crusted, red papule that occurs in sun exposed areas and ma be an actinic keratosis that went untreated | Squamous Cell Carcinoma
🗑
|
||||
| Most dangerous skin growth. Evolve from flat or raised pigmented lesions anywhere on the body | Melanoma
🗑
|
||||
| 2 examples of malignant growths | Squamous cell carcinoma
Melanoma
🗑
|
||||
| Pigmentation disorders are a result of abnormal pigmentation referred to as | Dyschromia
🗑
|
||||
| An excess production of melanin results in darker patches, and is called | Hyperpigmentation
🗑
|
||||
| Lack of pigmentation or melanin production results in light or white patches called | Hypopigmentation
🗑
|
||||
| Group of inherited conditions that results in the failure of the skin to produce melanin | Albinism
🗑
|
||||
| Congenital disorder that occurs when the skin lacks pigmentation due to a decrease in the melanocytes activity. Can cause partial or total loss of skin pigmentation, often in patches, spots, or bands. possible to acquire hypopigmentation as in vitiligo | Leukoderma
🗑
|
||||
| Acquired skin disease characterized by white patches that are caused by a loss of pigment in a number of melanin cells. These unpigmented areas are often surrounded by heavily pigmented border and the hair in the patches is usually white | Vitiligo
🗑
|
||||
| Birthmark or cengenital mole | Nevus
🗑
|
||||
| Also known as a freckle, small yellowish or brownish spot on the skin. Typically multiples due to sun exposure | Lentil or lentigines
🗑
|
||||
| Disorder that results from trauma to tissue from acne, burns, injury or some skin rashes such as dermatitis or psoriasis. Condition creates flat, darkened patches that are irregular in shape and appear anywhere the inflammation occurred | Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation (PIH)
🗑
|
||||
| Common disorder in pregnant women which results in increased pigmentation (hyperpigmentation) causing flat, light to dark patches to occur on the face. Mask of pregnancy | Chloasma or Melasma
🗑
|
||||
| A term used to identify intense and severe conditions; implies a rapid onset | Acute
🗑
|
||||
| A substance that causes an allergy | Allergen
🗑
|
||||
| A sensitivity that may develop from contact with normally harmless substances such as fragrances or colorings; symptoms of an allergy may include itching, redness, swelling and/or blisters | Allergy
🗑
|
||||
| A term used to describe conditions that are frequent and continuing persisting for a period of 3 months or more | Chronic
🗑
|
||||
| Refers to a disease that is communicable by casual contact | Contagious
🗑
|
||||
| An inflammatory disorder of the skin | Dermatitis
🗑
|
||||
| An allergic reaction to certain cosmetics or chemicals. This is a form of contact dermatitis that frequently occurs with skin care and Beirut’s professionals | Dermatitis Venenata
🗑
|
||||
| Identifications of a disease based on the presence of certain characteristics | Diagnosis
🗑
|
||||
| A swelling of tissue or skin, caused by an excessive accumulation of fluid in the tissue | Edema
🗑
|
||||
| A redness of the skin caused by dilation or congestion of the capillaries | Erythema
🗑
|
||||
| The study of the cause of diseases, disorders or conditions | Etiology
🗑
|
||||
| An excessive amount of keratin cell production on the stratum corneum, or horny layer of the skin | Hyperkeratosis
🗑
|
||||
| Reaction of tissue to irritation characterized by redness, pain, swelling and/or increased tempature | Inflammation
🗑
|
||||
| The buildup of skin cells on the epidermis | Keratosis
🗑
|
||||
| These symptoms are visible to the eye, such as papule, pustules, and redness | Objective Symptoms
🗑
|
||||
| A health condition that is created or influenced by the employment environment | Occupational disorder
🗑
|
||||
| A skin condition that is caused by animal or vegetable parasites, such as pedicures is (lice) or ringworm | Parasitic disease
🗑
|
||||
| The study of diseases and disorders, their causes, processes, development and consequences | Pathology
🗑
|
||||
| Predicting the probable course and outcome of a condition, disorder or disease | Prognosis
🗑
|
||||
| An inflammation that causes severe itching, usually on unmanaged skin | Pruritus
🗑
|
||||
| A skin condition or disorder influenced by the weather or seasonal changes | Seasonal disease
🗑
|
||||
| These are symptoms that can be felt by the client but are not visible to others, such as itching and burning | Subjective symptoms
🗑
|
||||
| A disease that is active internally throughout the body system | Systemic disease
🗑
|
||||
| The skin’s natural aging process. | Intrinsic Aging
🗑
|
||||
| Skin aging caused by external factors, also known as skin deterioration | Extrinsic Aging
🗑
|
||||
| Fitzpatrick Phototype Scale has how many types | 6
🗑
|
||||
| Always burns, never tans, very fair skin, generally with red or blonde hair | Type 1
🗑
|
||||
| Almost always burns and tans minimally, very common skin type characteristic of fair-skinned individuals | Type 2
🗑
|
||||
| Sometimes burns, and usually tans. This client could be of Mediterranean descent, a white skin with medium pigment | Type 3
🗑
|
||||
| Tans easily and very rarely burns. Client’s skin color tends to be a moderate brown shade | Type 4
🗑
|
||||
| Almost always tans and seldom burns. This client could be of Asian, Indian, Latin, Hispanic, or some African descent | Type 5
🗑
|
||||
| Never burns and tans very dark. Clients’ skin is black in color | Type 6
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
Ingabrown