Definitions - Particle physics
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| Particle physics | The branch of physics that is concerned with fundamental particles and their interactions.
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| Big bang | All the universe, space, matter, energy and time started with a huge explosion from a tiny size, called the big bang according to the theoretical model.
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| Cosmic rays | High energy particles (mainly protons) that originate in distant parts of the universe (probably in the explosion of stars). They usually decay high in the earths atmosphere.
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| Linear accelerator | A device that accelerates charged particles in straight lines
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| Synchrotron | A circular accelerator of charged particles
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| Strong nuclear force | The force that binds protons and neutrons in nuclei.
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| Weak nuclear force | The force responsible for radioactive beta decay.
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| Antiparticle | A particle that has the same rest mass as the corresponding particle but opposite values of all other properties, such as charge. The antiparticle that corresponds to a fundamental particle is also fundamental.
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| Quark | A type of particle that is constituent of Hadrons (i.e, mesons and baryons). Quarks are believed to be fundamental particles.
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| Lepton | A fundamental particle that does not feel the strong nuclear force but does feel the weak nuclear force and gravitation. charged leptons are believed to feel the electromagnetic force
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| What 3 types of Leptons are there believed to be ? | The electron, The muon and The tau. ( Each with their corresponding neutrino)
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| Hadron | A particle that feels the strong nuclear force.
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| Meson | A particle that feels the strong nuclear force and according to the quark model, is composed of a quark and an anti quark
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| Baryons | Particles that feel the strong nuclear force, according to the quark model each baryon is composed of 3 quarks.
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| Electron | A fundamental particle that is part of every atom, the charge on an electron is e= 1.602 × 10-19 C. The electron is a member of the lepton family.
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| Neutrino | A lepton that has zero charge and nearly zero rest mass. A different type of neutrino is associated with each type of lepton.
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| Antimatter | This means that each particle has it's own antiparticle which is equal in mass but opposite in charge.
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| Pair Production | The creation of a particle and it's anti particle
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| Pair Annihilation | When a particle and an antiparticle meet and they annihilate each other.
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