Vocab
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Electromagnetic radiation | is a form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space
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| Wavelength | is the shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave
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| Frequency | is the number of waves that pass a given point per second
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| Amplitude | is the wave's height from the origin to a crest, or from the origin to a trough
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| Electromagnetic spetrum | also called the EM spectrum, encompasses all forms of electromagnetic radiation, with only differences in the types of radiation being their frquencies and wavelengths
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| Quantum | is the minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom
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| Planck's constant | has a value of 6.626x10^-34, where J is the symbol for the joule, the SI unit of energy
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| Photoelectric effect | electrons, called photoelectrons, are emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency shines on the surface
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| Photon | is a particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy
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| Atomic emission spectrum | is a set of frequencies of the electromagnetic waves emitted by atoms of the element
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| Ground state | the lowest allowable energy state of an atom
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| de Brogile equation | predicts that all moving particles have wave characteristics
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| Heisenburg principle | states that it is fundamentally impossible to know precisely both the velocity and position of a particle at the same time
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| Quantum mechanical model of the atom | the atomic model in which electrons are treated as waves
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| atomic orbital | the three-dimensional region around the nucleus
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| Principal quantum numbers | indicate the relative sizes and energies of atomic orbitals
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| Principal energy levels | specifies the atoms majority energy level
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| Energy sublevels | a part of the principal energy levels
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| Electron configuration | the arrangement of electrons in an atom
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| Aufbau principle | states that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available
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| Pauli exclusion principle | states that a maximum of two electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital, but only if electrons have opposite spins
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| Hund's rule | states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals
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| Valence electrons | are defined as electrons in the atoms outermost orbitals, generally those oritals associated with the atom's highest principle energy level
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| Electron-dot structure | consists of elements symbol, which represents the atomic nucleus and inner-level electrons surrounded by dots representing the atom's valence electrons
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