Solutions
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What property of all ionic compounds make them electrolytes? | they dissociate into ions
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| What would you do to reduce the solubility of gas solute in a gas/liquid solution? | reduce the partial pressure of the gas above the solution
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| Tyndall Effect | separation of light as it passes through colloid or suspension
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| Solute | substance in lesser quantity that is dissolved
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| Emulsion | a colloid of a liquid in a liquid
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| Electrolyte | ionic compounds that dissolve into solution and conducts electricity
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| Alloy | homogeneous mixtures of metals
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| Immiscible | describes liquids that are insoluble in one another
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| Saturated Solution | solution containing maximum amount of solute
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| Supersaturated Solution | solution containing more solute than can theoretically dissolve at a given temperature
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| Colloid | heterogeneous mixture in which particles cannot be separated by filtration
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| Polar | molecules with uneven distribution of charge
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| Solvent | dissolving medium, the substance in greater quantity
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| Aqueous Solution | homogeneous mixture of water and dissolved substances
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| Solvation | solute ions or molecules are surrounded by solvent molecules
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| Tincture | homogeneous mixture of dissolved particles in alcohol
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| Solution | homogeneous mixture of solute and solvent
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| Solute + Solvent = | solution
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| Solvent-Solvent | energy absorbed
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| Solute-Solute | energy absorbed
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| Solvent-Solute | energy released
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| Dissociation | separation of an ionic solid into aqueous ions
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| Ionization | breaking apart of some polar molecules into aqueous ions
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| Dispersion | molecules stay intact
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| Two substances with similar IMF | are likely to be soluble in one another
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| Non-Polar molecules are soluble in | non-polar solvents
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| Ionic compounds are more soluble | in polar solvents
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| How do we know ions are present in aqueous solutions? | electrolytes
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| Non-electrolytes | some compounds dissolve in water but do not conduct electricity
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| Unsaturated Solution | when the solvent holds less solute than it normally can at a given temperature
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| Solubility | the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a given quantity of solvent at a specific temperature
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| Concentration | the amount of solute in a solution
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| More solute, constant amount of solvent | more concentrated
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| Less solute | less concentrated
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| More solvent | less concentrated
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| Less solvent | more concentrated
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| Dilution | the procedure for preparing a less concentrated solution from a more concentrated solution
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| 3 Factors Affecting Solubility | the size of the solute/crystals
the temperature of the solvent
the vigor and duration of stirring
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| Henry's Law States That | the solubility of a gas in a liquid is proportional to the pressure of the gas over the solution
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| Henry's Law | c=kP
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| c | concentration(M) of the dissolved gas
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| k | a constant for each gas (mol/L x atm) that depends only on temperature
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| P | pressure of the gas over the solution
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| The solubility of gases | decreases at higher temperatures
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| Colligative Properties | are properties of solutions that depend on the ratio of the number of solute particles to the number of solvent molecules in a solution, and not on the nature of the chemical species present
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