Bonding
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Electronegativity | the ability of an atom in an element to attract electrons in an compound
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| Valence electrons | the electrons in the highest occupies level of an elements atoms
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| Electron dot structures | Diagrams that show valence electrons in the atoms of an element as dots.
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| Ions | an atom or molecule with a net charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons
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| molecule | a neutral group of atoms joined together by covalent bonds
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| The octet rule | states that in forming compounds, atoms tend to achieve the electron configuration of a noble gas
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| Halide ion | a halogen atom bearing a negative charge
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| Ionic compound | a compound composed of cations and anions. Electrically neutral.
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| Ionic bond | The electrostatic forces that hold ions together in ionic compounds
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| Chemical formula | Shows the number of atoms in each element in the smallest representative unit of a substance.
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| formula unit | the lowest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound
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| The coordination number of an ion | the number of ions of opposite charges that surround the ion in a crystal.
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| Metallic bond | the forces of attraction between the free-floating valence electrons and the positively charged (cations) metal ions.
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| Alloys | mixtures of two or more elements, at least one in which is a metal.
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| covalent bonds | atoms that are held together by sharing electrons are joined by this
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| diatomic molecule | a molecule that contains two atoms
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| molecular compound | a compound composed of molecules
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| molecular formula | the chemical formula of a molecular compound
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| single covalent formed | two atoms held together by sharing one pair of electrons are joined by this
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| structural formula | represents the covalent bonds as dashes and shows the arrangement of covalently bonded atoms.
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| unshared pair | A pair of valence electrons that is not shared between atoms
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| double covalent bond | a bond that involves two shared pairs of electrons
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| triple covalent bond | a bond formed by sharing three pairs of electrons
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| coordinate covalent bond | a covalent bond in which one atom contributes boht bonding electrons
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| polyatomic ion | a tightly bound group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge and behaves as a unit
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| bond dissociation energy | the energy required to break the bond between two covalently bonded atoms
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| nonpolar covalent bond | when the atoms in the bond pull equally, the bonding electrons are shared equally and each bond formed is this
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| polar covalent bond | a covalent bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared equally
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| polar molecule | one end of the molecule is slightly negative and the other end is slightly positive
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| dipole | a molecule that has two poles is called a dipolar molecule or this
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| van der Waales forces | the two weakest attractions between two molecules are collectively called this named after the dutch chemist.
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| dipole interaction | this occurs when polar molecules are attracted to one another
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| dispersion force | the weakest of all molecular interactions are caused by electrons
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| hydrogen bonds | are attractive forces in which a hydrogen covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom is also weakly bonded to an unshared electron pair of another electronegative atom
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| network solid | solids in which all of the atoms are covalently bonded to each other.
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