transition from river valleys to empires: persia, india, and China
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| complex societies with advanced technologies, cities workers, writing, and institutions | river valley civilizations
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| advanced societies with well-organized centralized governments that conquered and ruled a variety of formaly independent people | empires
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| what two things lead to frequent invasions and conquests in mesopotamia | fertile soil and lack of natural boundaries
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| one of the most important ancient empires in present day iran | persians
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| who were the two powerful kings of the persians | cyrus and darius
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| who did the persians conquer with their powerful army | mesopotamia, egypt, and india
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| what is the religion of the persians | zoroastastrianism
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| religion that viewed life as a struggle between good and evi | zoroastastrianism
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| Persians believed in what and what as consequences for the way they lived their life | heaven and hell
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| Zoroastrianism influenced the views of the afterlife for what 3 other religions | Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
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| in what way was persian king cyrus tolerant about to help him conquer and collect for the empire | allowed people to keep languages and religions rather than destroying or looting conquered cities; he had respect for th locals
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| how did king Darius conquer people | divided empire into 20 Providences each ruled by a local governor
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| local governor for king Darius who was his eyes and ears, collected tax, and inform king of uprisings | satrap
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| Persians built a network of what so they could collect tax, improve communications and trade throughout the empire | networks of roads
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| what did the Persians use to promote trade | metal coins that had standardized values
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| became king of India, created vast army, conquered new lands, and this person controlled most of Indian subcontinent | Chandragupta's
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| what was chandragupta's tactic to controlling his empire | divided empire into provinces ruled by local prince similar to persians
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| what was the name of chandragupta's empire | Mauryan empire
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| this king of Mauryan empire took over from CG and expanded empire to its greatest | king asoka
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| what did king asoka convert to that spread as a result of his influence | buddhism
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| king asoka developed policies of ___________ and ____________ for his empire as a result to swithcing to buddhism | tolerance and non-violence
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| who took over king asoka's death and what did the empire change to | chandra gupta; gupta empire
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| what did india experience under the gupta empire that it became a classical empire | GOLDEN AGE
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| who was the first to discoer the earth was round | indian astronomers
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| what did mathematicians invent in India | numerals, zero, and decimal system
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| what did Indian merchants sell to Mediterranean world | spices and silk
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| what cycle was the chinese government based on | dynastic cycle
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| how did the dynastic cycle work | one riling family or dynasty gains the mandate of heaven then rules until the dynasty grows weak and is overthrown
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| nmae the four dynasties that resulted fro the dynastic cycle | shang, zhou, qin, and han
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| during which dynasty did china become a classical civlization marked by its advanced gov't, trade, and technology | han dynasty
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| where did han kings expand into with their powerfully built asrmies | into asia to form china's first government
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| government workers who collected tax for han dysnasty | bureaucracts
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| silk and paper made what increase in china | literacy
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| the desire for luxury goods led to what | the silk road which connected china with indian, persian, and medditeranian socities
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