BTEC inorganic group 2 and 7 period 3
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| write the balanced equation for the reaction between oxygen and sodium | 4 Na + O2 --> 2 Na2O; 1)write the word equation, 2)check formulae (swap the charges) 3)balance
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| write the balanced equation for the reaction between oxygen and magnesium | 2 Mg + O2 --> 2 MgO; 1)write the word equation, 2)check formulae (swap the charges) 3)balance
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| write the balanced equation for the reaction between oxygen and aluminium | 4 Al + 3 O2 --> 2 Al2O3; 1)write the word equation, 2)check formulae (swap the charges) 3)balance
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| write the balanced equation for the reaction between oxygen and silicon | Si + O2 --> SiO2; 1)write the word equation, 2)check formulae (swap the charges) 3)balance
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| write the balanced equation for the reaction between oxygen and phosphorus | P4 + 5 O2 --> P4O10 OR P4 + 5O2 --> 2 P2O5; 1)write the word equation, 2)check formulae (check charges OR learn P4O10) 3)balance
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| write the balanced equation for the reaction between oxygen and sulfur to produce SO2 | S + O2 --> SO2 (OR 2 S + 3 O2--> 2 SO3); 1)write the word equation, 2)they should tell you if the product is SO2 or SO3 3)balance [note that in nature, sulfur is found as S8, but most boards accept S to balance the equation]
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| what is the formula of Sodium Oxide? | Na2O; (1)look up the charges on the periodic table (group 1=+1, group 2=+2 etc...) so Na+1 and O-2 (2)swap the charges
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| what is the formula of Magnesium Oxide? | MgO; (1)look up the charges on the periodic table (group 1=+1, group 2=+2 etc...) so Mg+2 and O-2 (2)swap the charges, here they cancel out
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| what is the formula of Aluminium Oxide? | Al2O3; (1)look up the charges on the periodic table (group 1=+1, group 2=+2 etc...) so Al+3 and O-2 (2)swap the charges
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| what is the formula of Silicon Oxide? | SiO2; (1)look up the charges on the periodic table (group 1=+1, group 2=+2 etc...) so Si+4 and O-2 (2)swap the charges
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| what is the formula of Sulfur dioxide? | SO2; the clue is in the name DIoxide means TWO oxides
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| what is the formula of Phosphorus Oxide? | P2O5 or P4O10; learn it!
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| Place the following metals in order of reactivity (most reactive first): Copper, Zinc, Potassium, Gold, Iron, Aluminium | Potassium, Aluminium, Zinc, Iron, Copper, Gold. Try this Mnemotechnic: “Pretty Sally Could Marry A Crazy Zulu In Tree Lined House Causing Strangely Glancing People.”
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| How do you work out the formula of Calcium Chloride | CHARGES: Calcium is +2 ion as it is in group 2; Chloride is -1 ion as it is in group 7; SWAP: Ca1Cl2
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| How do you work out the formula of Magnesium Nitrate | CHARGES: Magnesium is +2 ion as it is in group 2; Nitrate is (NO3)-1 ion LEARN; SWAP: Mg1(NO3)2
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| How do you work out the formula of Copper(II) Sulfate | CHARGES: Copper is +2 ion as indicated by (II); sulfate is (SO4)-2 LEARN; SWAP: Cu2(SO4)2; and cancel both “2s”
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| Predict the products when Iron is placed in Copper Sulfate | Copper and Iron Sulfate
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| What would you observe when Iron is placed in Copper Sulfate | 1) Identify the products: Copper and Iron Sulfate; 2) Learn colours: Copper Sulfate is blue; Iron Sulfate is very pale green; Copper metal is orange; 3)answer: it would go from a blue solution to a pale green solution
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| What is the red brown metal formed when Iron is placed in Copper Sulfate | 1) Identify the products: Copper and Iron Sulfate; 2) Learn colours: Copper Sulfate is blue; Iron Sulfate is very pale green; Copper metal is orange; 3)answer: teh red-brown metal must be copper (NOT RUST!!!!)
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| Explain why Iron reacts with Copper Sulfate | Because Iron is more reactive than Copper, so iron can “steals” the sulfate from copper
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| Explain why there is no reaction when you place Copper in Iron Sulfate | Because Copper is less reactive than Iron so Copper can NOT steal the sulfate from the iron...
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| Write the word equation when Iron reacts with copper sulfate | Iron + Copper sulfate Iron Sulfate + Copper
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| CHALLENGE: What is the IONIC equation for the following reaction: Fe + CuSO4 Cu + FeSO4 | Fe + Cu+2 Fe+2 + Cu; the SO4 ion does not appear as it remains the same as a reactant and product
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| CHALLENGE: Why is the reaction between Iron and Copper sulfate a redox reaction in terms of electrons? | The ionic equation is Fe + Cu+2 Fe+2 + Cu; Fe is losing two electrons so Fe is oxidised; Copper is gaining electrons, so Copper is reduced
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| "Aluminium + Iron Oxide --> Aluminium Oxide + Iron". What chemical is oxidised? | Aluminium
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| "Aluminium + Iron Oxide --> Aluminium Oxide + Iron". What chemical is reduced? | Iron Oxide
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| What is the salt made when Aluminium reacts with Sulphuric Acid? Work out the formula of the salt | Aluminium Sulphate; find out charges from Periodic table or LEARN special groups: Al+3 and (SO4)-2; then swap numbers Al2(SO4)3
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| What is the salt made when Calcium reacts with Sulfuric Acid? Work out the formula of the salt | Calcium Sulfate Ca(SO4) find out charges from Periodic table or LEARN special groups: Ca+2 and (SO4)-2; then swap numbers; here the charges cancel Ca(SO4)
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| What is the salt made when Zinc reacts with Hydrochloric Acid? Work out the formula of the salt | Zinc Chloride
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| What is the salt made when Magnesium reacts with Sulphuric Acid?Work out the formula of the salt | Potassium Sulphate; Mg(SO4); find out charges from Periodic table or LEARN special groups: Mg+2 and (SO4)-2; then swap numbers; here the charges cancel Mg(SO4)
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| What is the acid needed to make Potassium Sulphate? What is the formula of this acid | Sulphuric Acid; H2SO4
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| What is the acid needed to make Potassium Nitrate? What is the formula of this acid | Nitric Acid; HNO3
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| What is the acid needed to make Potassium Chloride? What is the formula of this acid | Hydrochloric Acid HCl
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| What is the formula of Nitric Acid? | HNO3
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| What is the formula of Sulfuric Acid? | H2SO4
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| What is the formula for HydroChloric Acid? | HCl
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| What is the word equation for the reaction between dilute sulfuric acid and Zinc Oxide? | Sulfuric Acid + Zinc Oxide --> Zinc Sulfate + Water (do not get fooled by "dilute": it is simply water; it does not react)
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| What is the word equation for the reaction between dilute sulfuric acid and Zinc Carbonate? | Sulfuric Acid + Zinc Carbonate --> Zinc Sulfate + Water + Carbon Dioxide (do not get fooled by "dilute": it is simply water; it does not react)
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| What is the word equation for the reaction between dilute sulfuric acid and Zinc? | Sulfuric Acid + Zinc Oxide --> Zinc Sulfate + Hydrogen (do not get fooled by "dilute": it is simply water; it does not react)
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| What are the two products formed when you react an ACID with a metal? | a salt (the name of the salt is the first word of the acid and the metal) and HYDROGEN
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| What type of chemical reacts with an Acid to produce Hydrogen gas? | a (reactive) metal
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| What is the word equation for the reaction between dilute Nitric acid and Calcium? | Calcium + Nitric acid --> Calcium Nitrate + Hydrogen
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| Balance the following equation ___Ca + ___HNO3 --> ___Ca(NO3)2 + ___H2 | 1 Ca + 2 HNO3 -->1 Ca(NO3)2 + 1 H2
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| What is the word equation for the reaction between dilute Hydrochloric acid and Magnesium? | Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid --> Magnesium Chloride + Hydrogen
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| Balance the following equation ___Mg + ___HCl --> ___MgCl2 + ___H2 | 1 1 Mg + 2 HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
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| What is the word equation for the reaction between dilute Sulfuric acid and Magnesium? | Magnesium + Sulfuric acid --> Magnesium Sulfate + Hydrogen
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| Balance the following equation ___Mg + ___H2SO4 --> ___Mg(SO4) + ___H2 | 1 Mg + 1 H2SO4 --> 1 Mg(SO4) + 1 H2
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| What is the word equation for the reaction between dilute Hydrochloric acid and Calcium? | Calcium + Hydrochloric acid --> Calcium Chloride + Hydrogen
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| Write the balanced equation between Calcium and Hydrochloric acid | 1 Ca + 2 HCl --> 1 CaCl2 + 1 H2
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| What are the names of the Halogens as you go down the group? | Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Astatine
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| What is the formula of Chlorine? | Cl2
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| What is the formula of Sodium Bromide? | NaBr
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| What are the products of reaction between Chlorine and Sodium Bromide | Bromine and Sodium Chloride
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| What is the pattern of reactivity as you go down the group? | As you go down the group, the Halogens become less reactive
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| Which Halogen is the most reactive? Chlorine, Iodine or Bromine? | Chlorine
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| Write the symbolic equation for the reaction between Chlorine and Sodium Bromide | Cl2 + 2 NaBr ---> Br2 + 2 NaCl
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| What is the product of the reaction between Hydrogen and Chlorine? | Hydrogen Chloride
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| What is the pH of Hydrogen Bromide solution? | below 7 (an acid)
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| Write the symbolic equation for the reaction between Chlorine and Hydrogen | Cl2 + H2 --> 2 HCl
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| What is the colour and state of Chlorine? | Green gas
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| What is the colour and state of Bromine? | Brown liquid
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| What is the colour and state of Iodine? | Grey solid
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| What colours are the vapours of Iodine? | Purple
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| What is the product of the reaction between Iron and Chlorine? | Iron Chloride
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| What is the colour and state of Fluorine? | Pale yellow gas
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| Colour of Chlorine SOLUTION | Pale green
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| Colour of Bromine SOLUTION | Orange-Brown
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| Colour of Iodine SOLUTION | Brown
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| Colour of Sodium Iodide SOLUTION | Colourless
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| Word equation for the reaction of Chlorine and Sodium Bromide; what colour change would you expect? | Chlorine + Sodium Bromide --> Sodium Chloride + Bromine; you would see the colour changing from pale green (Chlorine) to brown (Bromine)
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| Word equation for the reaction of Bromine and Sodium Chloride; what colour change would you expect? | There would be no reaction because Bromine is less reactive than Chlorine so the Chlorine would not let Bromine take the Sodium! No colour change!
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| Formula of Iodine? | I2
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| Formula of Sodium Chloride? | NaCl
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| Formula of Iron(III)Chloride? | FeCl3; the (III) tells you that the charge on Iron is +3; then swap charges as usual
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