Genetics
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| ribosomes | makes proteins using directions from DNA
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| traits | different forms of a characteristic (dimples: present or absent)
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| recessive | trait that hides in the background (lowercase letter) can only be expressed in homozygous form (dd)
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| heredity | passing of physical characteristics from parents to offspring
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| genetics | scientific study of heredity
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| mitosis | cell reproduction - when one body cell becomes two
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| homozygous | two alleles/letters for one trait that are the same (DD or dd)
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| genotype | combination of alleles (letters): DD, Dd, dd
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| gene | factor that controls a trait you exhibit
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| nucleous | contains DNA and controls cell activities
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| proteins | building blocks of cells that control your specific characteristics
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| alleles | letters that represent the different forms of a gene (dimples: D=present, d=absent)
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| dominent | trait that overshadows and is expressed (capital letter)
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| phenotype | physical appearance of a trait (ex: dimples, no dimples)
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| heterozygous | two alleles/letters for one trait that are different (Ex: Dd)
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| meiosis | produces four sex cells, sperm or egg that are used to pass a parent's traits to offspring
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| DNA | contains your genes
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| this trait would be represented by a "B" or "D" or "Z" | dominent
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| this trait would be represented by a "b" or "d" or "z" | recessive
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| BB or bb; DD or dd; ZZ or zz would represent a | recessive genotype
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| Bb, Dd, and Zz would represent a | dominant genotype
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| Law of Segregation | two parts of a gene pair of alleles separate from each other in the formation of sex cells. Half of the sex cells carry one allele and the other half carry the other allele
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| Law of Independent Assortment | traits are passed on independently of traits from parent to offspring
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| two alleles/letters for one trait that are different | heterozygous
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| the letters that represent different forms of a gene | alleles
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| two alleles/letters for one trait that are the same | homozygous
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| combination of alleles | geneotype
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Created by:
garrettrojo