Unit 2 - Variation and Sexual Reproduction
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| State the costs of sexual reproduction | Males cannot produce offspring; only half of each parents genome passed on this disrupts successful parent genomes
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| State the benefit of sexual reproduction | Increase in genetic variation
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| Variation is important as it provides the raw materials to ... | Organisms to keep running in the Red Queens arms race
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| State which conditions favour asexual reproduction | Narrow stable niches and (recolonising) disturbed habitats
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| Plant asexual reproduction | Vegatative cloning
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| Animal asexual reproduction | Parthenogenesis
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| State why asexual reproduction is a successful reproductive strategy | Successful genome is passed on
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| Where is parthenogenesis most commonly found? | Cooler climates and regions of low parasite density
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| Which organisms principally use asexual reproduction? | Bacteria and archaea
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| Explain why asexual reproduction is cost effective. | Metabolic costs are lower and the production of offspring can be rapid
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| Discuss the cost effectiveness of sexual reproduction | Metabolic costs are higher and the reproduction rate is much slower
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| Give an example of vegatative cloning | Bulbs, tubers, stolons
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| Which mechanism is used by bacteria to successfully transfer genes in the same generation | Horizontal gene transfer
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| What is meant by the term hermaphroditic? | Has both male and female parts/sex organs
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| What term describes the mode of asexual reproduction where offspring arise from an unfertilised egg? | Parthenogenesis
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