Vocabulary: FNW
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| adipose tissue | Tissue in which the body stores lipids
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| atherosclerosis | Hardened and narrowed arteries caused by plaque deposits
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| blood lipid profile | A medical test that measures the amounts of cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, and LDL in the blood
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| cancer | A disease in which abnormal cells grow out of control
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| cholesterol | A white, waxy lipid made by the body that is part of every cell. Cholesterol is also found in foods of animal origin
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| chylomicron | A ball of triglycerides thinly coated with cholesterol, phospholipids, and proteins formed to carry absorbed dietary fat to body cells
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| coronary heart disease (CHD) | Disease of the heart and blood vessels. Atherosclerosis and hypertension are the two most common forms of CHD
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| emulsifier | A substance, such as a phospholipid, that can mix with water and fat
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| essential fatty acid | A fatty acid needed by the body for normal growth and development that cannot be made by the body and, therefore, must be supplied by the diet
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| fat replacer | An ingredient used in food products to replace some or all of the fat typically found in those products.
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| fatty acid | An organic compound made up of a chain of carbon atoms to which hydrogen atoms are attached and having an acid group at one end.
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| heart attack | The death of heart tissue caused by blockage of an artery carrying nutrients and oxygen to that tissue
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| high-density lipoprotein (HDL) | A lipoprotein that picks up cholesterol from around the body and transfers it to other lipoproteins for transport back to the liver for removal from the body
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| hydrogenation | The process of breaking the double carbon bonds in unsaturated fatty acids and adding hydrogen to make the fatty acid more saturated.
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| hypertension | Abnormally high blood pressure; an excess force on the walls of the arteries as blood is pumped from the heart
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| lecithin | A phospholipid made by the liver and found in many foods
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| lipid | A group of compounds that includes triglycerides (fats and oils), phospholipids (lecithin), and sterols (cholesterol)
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| lipoprotein | Fat droplets coated by proteins so they can be transported in the bloodstream
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| low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | A lipoprotein that carries cholesterol made by the liver through the bloodstream to body cells
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| monounsaturated fatty acid | A fatty acid that has only one double bond between carbon atoms in a carbon atom chain
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| omega-3 fatty acids | A certain type of polyunsaturated fatty acids found in fish oils and shown to have a positive effect on heart health
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| phospholipids | A class of lipids that have a phosphorus-containing compound in their chemical structures, which allows them to combine with both fat and water to form emulsions
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| plaque | A buildup of fatty compounds made up largely of cholesterol that form on the inside walls of arteries
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| polyunsaturated fatty acid | A fatty acid that has two or more double bonds between carbon atoms in a carbon atom chain
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| rancid | Describes a fat in which the fatty acid molecules have combined with oxygen, causing them to break down, which makes the fat spoil and gives it an unpleasant smell and taste
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| saturated fatty acid | A fatty acid that has no double bonds in its chemical structure and, therefore, carries a full load of hydrogen atoms.
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| sterols | A class of lipids that have a complex molecular structure, including some hormones, vitamin D, and cholesterol
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| stroke | The death of brain tissue caused by blockage of an artery carrying nutrients and oxygen to that tissue
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| trans fatty acid | An unsaturated fatty acid that has had hydrogen added to convert it to a solid fat
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| triglycerides | The major type of fat found in foods and in the body. Triglycerides consist of three fatty acids attached to glycerol
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| unsaturated fatty acid | A fatty acid that has at least one double bond between two carbon atoms in a carbon atom chain and, therefore, is missing at least two hydrogen atoms
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| very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) | A lipoprotein that carries triglycerides and cholesterol made by the liver through the bloodstream to body cells
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