vocabulary
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| alliteration | several consecutive/neighboring words with the same sound
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| allusion | refrence to mythological, literary, or historical person, place or clause for the purpose of contrast. ex: "he met his Waterloo"
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| antithesis | a direct juxtaposition of structurally parallel words, phrases or clauses for the purpose of contrast; ex: "sink or swim"
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| apostrophe | form of personification in which the absent or dead are spoken to as if present and the inanimate, as if animate
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| assonance | repetition of accented vowel sounds in a series of words
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| consonance | repetition of a constant sound within a series of words to produce harmonious effect
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| diction | word choice intended to convey a certain effect
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| epiphora | ending a series of lines, phrases, clauses, or sentences with the same word(s)
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| figures of speech | words/phrases that describe one thing in terms of something else; involve some sort of imaginative comparison between seemingly unlike things. Not taken literally; used to produce images in mind; most common: simile, metaphor, personification
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| flashback | a scene that interrupst the action of a work to show a previous event
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| foreshadowing | the use of hints or clues in a narrative to suggest future action
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| hyperbole | a deliberate exaggeration or overstatement for special effects
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| imagery | consists of words/phrases a writer uses to represent persons, objects, actions, feelings, and ideas descriptively by appealing senses
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| verbal irony | narrator says one thing but means the opposite "it's easy to quit smoking. i've done it many times"
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| situational irony | occurs when in a situation turns out differently than what you would normally expect - though after the twist is oddly appropriate; ex: a deep sea diver drowning in a bathtub
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| dramatic irony | occurs when a character says or does something that has different meanings from what he thinks it means, though audience understands full implications of speech/actions
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| metaphor | a figure of speech in which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else.
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| metonymy | a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. ("the white house issued a statement today")
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| mood | atmosphere or predominant emotion in a literary work
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| narration | telling of story
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| onomatopoeia | use of words that mimic the sounds they describe
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| oxymoron | form of paradox that combines a pair of opposite terms into a single unusual expression
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| paradox | a statement that appears contradictory or absurd but which really expresses the truth
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| personification | kind of metaphor that gives inanimate objects human characteristics
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| plot | sequence of events/actions in literature
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| point of view | perspective from which narritive is told
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| protagonist | main character
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| antagonist | stands directly opposed to main character
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| pun | play on words that are identical or similar in sound byt have sharply diverse meanings.ex; " A pun is its own reword."
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| repetition | the deliberate use of any element of language more than once
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| rhyme | repetition of sounds in 2 or more words that appear clost to eacher in a poem
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| setting | time and place where it happens
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| simile | a figure of speech in which like or as is used to make a comparison between two basically unlike subjects
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| style | writers characteristic manner of employing language
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| suspense | quality of literature that makes reader uncertain/tense about outcome of events
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| syntax | arrangement of words and order of grammatical elements in a sentence
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| juxtaposition | a poetic and rhetorical device in which normally associated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to each other
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| anachronism | Something out of its normal time
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| analogy | a comparison that explains or describes one subject by pointing out its similarities to another subject
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| anaphora | repetition of beginning clauses
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| anecdote | Brief story about an interesting, amusing, or strange event. It is told to entertain or make a point
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| aphorism | A general truth or observation about life.
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| colloquialism | an expression used in informal conversation but not accepted universally in formal speech or writing
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| dialect | the form of a language spoken by people in a particular region or group. Refers to pronunciation, vocabulary, and sentence structure. Also known as "local color."
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| epiphany | a sudden understanding or realization, which prior to this was not thought of or understood
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| epithet | an adjective or other descriptive phrase that is generally used to characterize a person, place, or thing
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| euphemism | a device where being indirect replaces directness to avoid unpleasantness
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| Idiom | a use of words, a grammatical construction peculiar to a given language or an expression that cannot be literally translated
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| pun | play on words based on different meanings of words that sound alike
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| rhetoric | the art of using words effectively in speech or writing
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| rhetorical shift | a change from one tone, attitude, ect. Look for key words like but, however, even though, although, yet, and so on.
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| synecdoche | a form of metaphor in which a part of something is used to stand for the whole thing. (IE stars and strips = flag)
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| tone | the writer or speaker's attitude toward his audience and/or subject. Tone can often be described by a single adjective.
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| understatement/litotes | saying less than is actually meant, generally in an ironic way.
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| voice | a language style adopted bt an author to create the effect of a particular speaker
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Popular English Vocabulary sets