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| Accuracy | how closely a measurement aligns with a correct value
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| Atom | smallest particle of an element that can enter into a chemical combination
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| Celsius (°C) | unit of temperature; water freezes at 0 °C and boils at 100 °C on this scale
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| chemical change | change producing a different kind of matter from the original kind of matter
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| chemical property | behavior that is related to the change of one kind of matter into another kind of matter
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| chemistry | study of the composition, properties, and interactions of matter
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| compound | pure substance that can be decomposed into two or more elements
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| cubic centimeter (cm3 or cc) | volume of a cube with an edge length of exactly 1 cm
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| cubic meter (m3) | SI unit of volume
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| density | ratio of mass to volume for a substance or object
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| Dimensional analysis | (also, factor-label method) versatile mathematical approach that can be applied to computations ranging from simple unit conversions to more complex, multi-step calculations involving several different quantities
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| factor-label method | same as Dimensional analysis
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| element | substance that is composed of a single type of atom; a substance that cannot be decomposed by a chemical change
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| exact number | number derived by counting or by definition
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| extensive property | property of a substance that depends on the amount of the substance
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| Fahrenheit | unit of temperature; water freezes at 32 °F and boils at 212 °F on this scale
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| gas | state in which matter has neither definite volume nor shape
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| heterogeneous mixture | combination of substances with a composition that varies from point to point
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| homogeneous mixture | (also, solution) combination of substances with a composition that is uniform throughout
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| hypothesis | tentative explanation of observations that acts as a guide for gathering and checking information
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| intensive property | property of a substance that is independent of the amount of the substance
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| kelvin (K) | SI unit of temperature; 273.15 K = 0 ºC
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| kilogram (kg) | standard SI unit of mass; 1 kg = approximately 2.2 pounds
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| law | statement that summarizes a vast number of experimental observations, and describes or predicts some aspect of the natural world
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| law of conservation of matter | when matter converts from one type to another or changes form, there is no detectable change in the total amount of matter present
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| length | measure of one dimension of an object
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| liquid | state of matter that has a definite volume but indefinite shape
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| liter (L) | (also, cubic decimeter) unit of volume; 1 L = 1,000 cm3
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| macroscopic domain | realm of everyday things that are large enough to sense directly by human sight and touch
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| mass | fundamental property indicating amount of matter
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| matter | anything that occupies space and has mass
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| meter (m) | standard metric and SI unit of length; 1 m = approximately 1.094 yards
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| microscopic domain | realm of things that are much too small to be sensed directly
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| milliliter (mL) | 1/1,000 of a liter; equal to 1 cm3
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| mixture | matter that can be separated into its components by physical means
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| molecule | bonded collection of two or more atoms of the same or different elements
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| physical change | change in the state or properties of matter that does not involve a change in its chemical composition
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| physical property | characteristic of matter that is not associated with any change in its chemical composition
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| plasma | gaseous state of matter containing a large number of electrically charged atoms and/or molecules
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| precision | how closely a measurement matches the same measurement when repeated
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| pure substance | homogeneous substance that has a constant composition
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| rounding | procedure used to ensure that calculated results properly reflect the uncertainty in the measurements used in the calculation
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| scientific method | path of discovery that leads from question and observation to law or hypothesis to theory, combined with experimental verification of the hypothesis and any necessary modification of the theory
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| second (s) | SI unit of time
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| SI units (International System of Units) | standards fixed by international agreement in the International System of Units (Le Système International d’Unités)
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| significant figures | (also, significant digits) all of the measured digits in a determination, including the uncertain last digit
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| solid | state of matter that is rigid, has a definite shape, and has a fairly constant volume
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| symbolic domain | specialized language used to represent components of the macroscopic and microscopic domains, such as chemical symbols, chemical formulas, chemical equations, graphs, drawings, and calculations
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| theory | well-substantiated, comprehensive, testable explanation of a particular aspect of nature
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| uncertainty | estimate of amount by which measurement differs from true value
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| unit | standard of comparison for measurements
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| unit conversion factor | ratio of equivalent quantities expressed with different units; used to convert from one unit to a different unit
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| volume | amount of space occupied by an object
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| weight | force that gravity exerts on an object
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