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| Which two uses consume most freshwater in the United States? | irrigation and thermo-electric power
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| Of the following, which has the greatest total volume of water? | ice caps and glaciers
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| Precipitation is measured by all of the following except | barometers
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| Which of the following combinations make for the best groundwater reservoir? | high permeability and high porosity
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| Which of the following is a correctly described statement about part of the hydrologic cycle? | Most groundwater forms when water on the surface infiltrates into the ground.
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| Which of these numbered features contains most of Earth’s water? | oceans
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| Which of these numbered features contains the least amount of Earth’s water? | atmosphere
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| Which of the following locations would contain a wide variety of sediment, from large angular blocks to fine rock powder, produced from grinding of the rocks? | location 1, along the margins of a glacier
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| According to the rock cycle, sediment that is being transported by a river could become a metamorphic rock after | deposition an burial
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| The difference between a rock and a mineral is that | rocks are composed of minerals
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| A mineral that is light colored, transparent, and fractures rather than cleaves is | quartz
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| Which of the following processes is NOT considered to be chemical weathering? | thermal expansion
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| Which of the following is a mineral? | ice
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| Which of the following is NOT one of the main families of rocks? | meteoites
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| The largest concentration of composite volcanoes on Earth is located along the | Pacific Ring of Fire
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| When lava flows reach the ocean, they | solidify and add land to an island.
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| Which of the following is typically erupted from a volcano? | scalding hot ash, lava, and gases
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| What type of eruption is shown in this photograph? | lava flow
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| What type of eruption is shown in this photograph? | pyroclastic column
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| The most voluminous layer of Earth is the | outer core
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| Which of the following statements is true? | Earthquakes are more widespread than volcanoes or high mountains.
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| Which of the following best describes the temperature of materials typically erupted from volcanoes? | extremely hot
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| How fast do plates move relative to one another? | cm per year
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| Oceanic crust is | thinner and denser than continental crust
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| The typical shape of most volcanoes is | conical
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| One of the main roles of plants in biogeochemical cycles is to | extract carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
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| Which of the following would be an example of qualitative data? | a physical geographer noting the color of a soil
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| A hypothesis is a(n) | proposed explanation developed before formal investigation.
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| The hydrologic cycle includes all of the following processes except | uplift
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| Geography is considered to be | both a natural and social science.
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| The difference between open and closed systems is that | The difference between open and closed systems is that
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| When you shake fish food into in an aquarium, you are contributing to a(n) | open system.
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| The map below uses what type of map projection? | sinusoidal
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| Once a hypothesis is rejected, | it can be revisited in future studies.
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| 0° of latitude is found at the ______ and the 90° of latitude is found at the _____. | Equator; North Pole
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| The lithosphere refers to the | solid upper part of the Earth, including the crust and uppermost mantle.
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| In the rock cycle, sediment is stripped away and transported by the process of _____ after the process of _______ has taken place. | erosion; weathering.
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| Global positioning systems (GPS) can “know” their location by | measuring the time required for radio signals from four or more satellites to reach the receiver.
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| Which of the following is an example of quantitative data? | a physical geographer measuring the total rainfall from a storm
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| If two places have the same latitude but different longitudes, | the two places are directly east or west of each other.
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| All of the following involve the input of energy EXCEPT: | freezing
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| Energy is traditionally defined as the ability to | do work.
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| What approximate percentage of insolation arriving at the top of the atmosphere is eventually absorbed by the ground? | 50%
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| On June 21st which location will be receiving 24 hrs of daylight? | Arctic Circle
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| When making macaroni and cheese you notice the noodles rising and falling in the boiling water. This is best explained through the process of. | convection
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| As the zenith angle _____ the amount of energy reaching the surface _____. | `increases, decreases
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| Which color portion of the visible spectrum emits the lowest amount of energy? | red
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| Which 2 layers of the atmosphere experience temperature inversion? | thermosphere and stratosphere
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| The solar constant is | consistent amount of energy received at the top of the atmosphere.
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| What atmospheric layer is the home of weather, has the greatest density of gas molecules, and has a decrease in temperature with height? | troposphere
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| Oceans heat and cool more slowly than land because of | oceans' high specific heat dampen temperature changes.
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| Radiation | can be transferred through a vacuum.
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| This is a form of kinetic energy: | electrical power
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| Heat is applied to a container. The molecules inside the container become: | more energetic; pressure increases
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| To create a sea breeze | the warm air over the land rises, creating low pressure. Cool air over water sinks, creating high pressure. This creates an onshore breeze.
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| In accordance with Charles Law, a gas under constant pressure will ____________ when ____________. | expand; heated
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| Pushing down on the sealed glass container causes | decreased volume, pressure increases.
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| Air pressure is: | the sum of the partial pressures of its constituent gases.
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| If a gas cools under constant pressure, the molecules within it have ______ kinetic energy (motions) | less
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| Which of the following statements is true regarding the relationship between air pressure and altitude? | as one moves up in the atmosphere, pressure decreases, as one moves closer to the earth's surface, pressure increases
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| Which of the following best describes the low pressure cell centered for most of the year over the equator? | consistent insolation, warm temperatures, abundant rainfall
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| Friction | is greater near the ground surface.
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