222-227 muscular
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| a major spine flexor; the name means "straight muscle of the abdomen" | rectus abdominus
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| prime mover for shoulder flexion and adduction | pectoralis major
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| prime mover for shoulder abduction | deltoid
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| forms the external lateral walls of the abdomen | external oblique
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| acting alone, each muscle of this pair turns the head toward the opposite shoulder | sternocleidomastiod
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| prime mover to protract and hold the scapula against the thorax wall; the "boxer's muscle" | serratus anterior
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| four muscle pairs that together form the so- called abdominal girdle | rectus abdominus; external and internal oblique; transverse abdominus
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| a flat, thoracic muscle deep to the pectoralis major that acts to draw the scapula inferiorly or to elevate the rib cage | pectoralis minor
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| an unpaired muscle that acts in concert with the muscles named immediately above to accomplish inspiration | diaphragm
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| deep muscles of the thorax that promote the inspiratory phase of breathing | external intercostals
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| the deepest muscle of the abdominal wall | transverse abdominus
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| a tendinous "seam" running from the sternum to the pubic symphysis that indicates the midline point of fusion of the abdominal muscle sheaths | linea alba
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| a muscle that enables you to shrug your shoulders or extend your head | trapezius
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| a muscle that adducts the shoulder and causes extension of the shoulder joint | latissimus dorsi
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| the shoulder muscle that is the antagonist of the muscle described in question 2 above | deltoid
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| prime mover of back extension; a composite muscle consisting of three columns | erector spinae
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| a fleshy muscle forming part of the posterior abdominal wall that helps to maintain upright posture | quadratus lumborum
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| acting individually, small rectangular muscles that rotate the glenoid cavity of the scapulae inferiorly | rhomboids
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| synergist of the trapezius in scapular elevation; acts to flex the head to the same side | levator scapulae
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| synergist of latissimus dorsi in extension and adduction of the humerus | terres major
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| a rotator cuff muscle; prevents downward dislocation of the humerus | supraspinatus
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| a rotator cuff muscle; rotates the humerus laterally | infraspinatus
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| a rotator cuff muscle; lies immediately inferior to the infraspinatus | terres minor
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| muscle that holds the scapula tightly against the thorax wall | serratus anterior
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| kite-shaped muscle pair that elevates, stabilizes, and depresses the scapulae | trapezius
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| small rectangular muscles that square the shoulders as they act together to retract the scapula | rhomboids
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| small muscle pair that elevates the scapulae | levator scapulae
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| two paired muscles forming the bulk of the pelvic diaphragm | coccygeus; levator ani
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| muscles that form the urogenital diaphragm | deep transverse perineal muscle; external urethral sphincter
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| muscles forming the superficial space | bulbospongiosus; ischiocavernosus; superficial transverse pernieal muscle
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| a muscle that constricts the urethra | external urethral sphincter
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| empties the urethra; assists in penile erection | bulbospongiosus
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| the most important muscle pair in supporting the pelvic viscera; forms sphincters at the anorectal junction | levator ani
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| retards venous drainage and helps maintain penile erection | ischiocavernosus
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| elevates the first two ribs | scalenes
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| prime mover of back extension; consists of three muscle columns | erector spinae
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| one flexes the vertebral column laterally; the pair extends the lumbar spine and fixes the 12th rib | quadratus lumborum
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| extends the vertebral column and head and rotates them to the opposite side | semispinalis
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| prime mover of head flexion; spasms of one causes torticolis | splenius
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| acting together, the pair extends the head; one rotates the head and bends it laterally | sternocleidomastoid
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Created by:
alishasteward