Anatomy
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| Characteristics (4) | 1. Skin muscles located in superficial fascia2. Attachments- ORIGINS: fascia or bone INSERTIONS: usually skin3. Indistinctly separated from eachother4. Innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII)
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| Groupings (5) | 1. Scalp2. Ear3. Eye4. Nose5. Mouth
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| Scalp Muscles (2) | 1. Occipitofrontalis2.Muscle Epicranius
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| Occipitofrontalis What it does What joins the bellies? | Draws scalp posteriorly & raises eyebrows (SURPRISE)Galea aponeurotica- helmet-like, bind frontal and occipital bellies
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| Muscle Epicranius | Collective name for group including; Occipitofrontalis and its galea aponeurotica, and temporoparietalis muscle.
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| Temporoparietalis Muscle Originates? | arises from the fascia of the temporalis m. above and anterior the the ear
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| Temporoparietalis Muscle Inserts? | inserts into the aponeurotica.** Variable in its development**Acts in helping to keep the scalp tight.(very scant fibersw in Netter)
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| Ear Muscles do what? Located? Originate and insert? | move the pinna but are slightly or not effective in humans-located superficial to the temporalis muscle-arise from fascia of the temporalis-insert into pinna (ext.ear)
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| Ear Muscles (3) | 1.Anterior auricular (pulls pinna ant)2. Posterior auricular (" post)3. Superior Auricular (" Sup)
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| Eye Muscles (2) | 1. Orbicularis Oculi (sphincter- 3 parts)2. Corrugator Supercilii ( deep to frontalis & Orb. Oc.)
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| Orbicularis Oculi 3 parts | 1. Pars orbitalis2. Pars palpebralis3. Pars lacrimalis
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| Pars Orbitalis | Peripheral outer partCloses eye
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| Pars palpebralis | Inner part of lids Closes eyelids
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| Pars lacrimalis Where? What it does? | Lies deep to palpebral part Compresses lacrimal sac & draws lacrimal puncta medially
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| Corrugator Supercilii Where? What it does? | Deep to frontalis & Orbicularis Oculi Draws eyebrows downward & medially as in frowning
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| Nose Muscles (3) | 1. Procerus2. Nasalis (2 parts)3. Depressor Septi Nasi
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| Procerus What it does? | Draws medial angle of eyebrowsdownward and wrinkles skin on bridge of nose.
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| Nasalis (2 Parts) | 1. pars alaris 2. pars transversa
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| Pars Alaris (Dilator Naris) | Widens Nostril
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| Pars transversa (Compressor naris) | Depresses cartilage of nose and compresses the nostril
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| Depressor Septi Nasi | Controversial Constricts the nostril
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| Muscles inserting on upper lip (3) | 1. Levator Labii Superioris 2. Levator Labii Superioris Alaequem Nasi 3. Zygomaticus Minor
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| Levator Labii Superiorus | raises upper lip
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| Levator Labii Superiorus Alaeque Nasi | Inserts into upper lip & alar (wings) of nose , raises upper lip and dilates nostril
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| Zygomaticus Minor | Arises from zygomatic bone; moves upper lip upward and outward
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| Muscles inserting on corner of mouth (5) | 1. Zygomaticus Major 2. Levator Anguli Oris 3. Risorius 4. Depressor anguli Oris 5. Buccinator
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| Zygomaticus Major | Arises from Zygomatic Bone; the "laughing muscle", raises corner of mouth as in laughing
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| Levator Anguli Oris | raises angle(corner) of mouth as in disdain
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| Risorus | "smile/Grin" muscle; draws corner of mouth laterally as in smiling
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| Depressor Anguli Oris (Triangularis) | Depresses angle (corner) of mouth
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| Buccinator | Compresses cheeks during chewing(mastication) and also during blowing (trumpet)Muscle is deep to zygomaticus major and risorus
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| Muscles inserting on lower lip (2) | 1. Depressor Labii Inferioris2. Mentalis
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| Depressor Labii Inferioris | Depresses lower lip
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| Mentalis | Protrudes lower lip & wrinkles skin on chin
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| Muscles Encircling Mouth (1) | Orbicularis Oris - sphincter 2 parts
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| Orbicularis Oris | The kissing muscle -purses and puckers lipsthus closing them
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| 2 parts of Orbicularis Oris | 1. Pars marginalis2. pars labialis
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| Pars Marginalis | peripheral part around lips
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| Pars Labialis | Central part on lips
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| Platysma Muscle- Whats it like?Origin, Insertion, Action | Thin flat paper-like muscle ORIGIN: fascia of cervical region INSERTION: Lower mandible and skin around the mouth ACTIONS: Retracts and depresses the angles of mouth as in horror, producing wrinkles on skin of neck; also helps depress mandible
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