Chapter 1 Security Terms
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| acceptance | Acknowledging a risk but taking no action to address it.
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| accounting | The ability that provides tracking of events.
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| APT | Multiyear intrusion campaign that targets highly sensitive economic, proprietary, or national security information.
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| asset | An item that has value.
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| authorization | The steps that ensure that the individual is who he or she claims to be.
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| availability | Security actions that ensure that data is accessible to authorized users.
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| broker | Attacker who sells knowledge of a vulnerability to other attackers or governments.
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| BYOD | The practice of allowing users to use their own personal devices to connect to an organizational network.
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| California's Database Security Breach Notification Act | The first state electronic privacy law, which covers any state agency, person, or company that does business in California.
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| confidentiality | Security actions that ensure that only authorized parties can view the information.
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| cyber Kill Chain | A systematic outline of the steps of a cyberattack, introduced at Lockheed Martin in 2011.
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| cybercrime | Targeted attacks against financial networks, unauthorized access to information, and the theft of personal information.
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| cyberterrorism | A premeditated, politically motivated attack against information, computer systems, computer programs, and data, which often results in violence.
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| cyberterrorist | Attacker whose motivation may be defined as ideological, or attacking for the sake of principles or beliefs.
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| deterrence | Understanding the attacker and then informing him of the consequences of the action.
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| exploit kit | Automated attack package that can be used without an advanced knowledge of computers.
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| Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act | A U.S. law that requires banks and financial institutions to alert customers of their policies and practices in disclosing customer information.
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| hactivist | Attacker who attacks for ideological reasons that are generally not as well defined as a cyberterrorist's motivation.
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| Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act | A U.S. law designed to guard protected health information and implement policies and procedures to safeguard it.
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| identity theft | Stealing another person's personal information, such as a Social Security number, and then using the information to impersonate the victim, generally for financial gain.
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| information security | The tasks of protecting the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information on the devices that store, manipulate, and transmit the information through products, people, and procedures.
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| insiders | Employees, contractors, and business partners who can be responsible for an attack.
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| integrity | Security actions that ensure that the information is correct and no unauthorized person or malicious software has altered the data.
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| mitigation | Addressing a risk by making it less serious.
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| Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard | A set of security standards that all U.S. companies processing, storing, or transmitting credit card information must follow.
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| risk | A situation that involves exposure to danger.
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| risk avoidance | Identifying the risk but making the decision to not engage in the activity.
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| Sarbanes-Oxley Act | A U.S. law designed to fight corporate corruption.
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| script Kiddie | Individual who lacks advanced knowledge of computers and networks and so uses downloaded automated attack software to attack information systems.
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| state-sponsored attacker | Attacker commissioned by governments to attack enemies' information systems.
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| threat | A type of action that has the potential to cause harm.
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| threat agent | A person or element that has the power to carry out a threat.
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| threat likelihood | The probability that a threat will actually occur.
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| threat vector | The means by which an attack could occur.
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| transference | Transferring the risk to a third party.
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| vulnerability | A flaw or weakness that allows a threat agent to bypass security.
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| cybercriminals | A network of attackers, identity thieves, spammers, and financial fraudsters.
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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