Geometry terms
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| Geometry | branch of mathematics that deals with points, lines, planes, and solids and examines their properties
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| Point | Has no size, length, width, or height. It is represented by a dot and named by a capital letter.
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| Line | Set of points that has infinite length and width but no height. We name this with a lower case letter or by any two points on the line.
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| Plane | set of pints that has infinite length and width but no height. We name this with a capital letter.
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| Space | Set of all point
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| Collinear Points | points that lie on the same line
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| noncollinear points | points that do not lie on the same line
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| Coplanar Points | point that lie on the same plane
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| Noncoplanar Points | points that do not lie on the same plane
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| Segment | part of a line that consists of two points called endpoints and all points between them
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| Ray | Is the part of a line that contains an endpoint and all points extending in the other direction
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| congruent segments | segments that have the same length
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| Bisectors of a segment | Line, ray segment, or plane that divides a segment into two congruent segments.
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| Midpoint of a segment | a point that divides the segment into two congruent segments
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| Acute angle | angle whose measure is between 0 and 90 degrees
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| Right angle | angle whose measure is 90 degrees
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| Obtuse angle | Angle whose measure is greater than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees
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| Straight angle | angle whose measure is 180 degrees
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| Congruent angles | angles that have the same measure
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| Angle bisector | ray that divides an angle into two congruent adjacent angles
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| Triangle | The figure formed by three segments joining three noncollinear points. Each of the three points is a vertex of the triangle and the segments are sides.
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| Acute triangle | triangle that has all acute angles
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| Right triangle | Triangle with a right angle
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| Obtuse triangle | Triangle with an obtuse angle
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| Equilangular triangle | triangle with all angles congruent
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| Scalene triangle | triangle with no sides congruent
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| Isosceles triangle | Triangle with at least two sides congruent
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| Equilateral triangle | Triangle with all sides congruent
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| Adjacent angles | two coplanar angles with a common vertex and a common side between them
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| Vertical angles | the non-adjacent angles formed by twointersecting lines
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| Complementary angles | two angles whose sum is 90 degrees
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| Supplementary angles | two angles whose sum is 180 degrees
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| Perpendicular lines | two lines that intersect to form right angles
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| Parallel lines | two line are parallel if they are coplanar and do not intersect
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| Skew lines | Are noncoplanar lines they will not intersect
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| Polygon | Union of three or more coplanar segments that meet only at endpoints such that at most two segments meet at one endpoint and each segment meets exactly two other segments
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| Regular polygon | polygon which is equilateral and equiangular
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| Congruent Triangles | a triangle that has corresponding sides and corresponding angles congruent
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| Median of a triangle | segment from the vertex of the triangle to the midpoint of the other side
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| Altitude of a triangle | segment from the vertex of a triangle perpendicular to the line containing the opposite side
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| Parallelogram | quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides parallel
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| Rectangle | Parallelogram with a right angle
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| Rhombus | Parallelogram with consecutive sides congruent
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| Square | all sides congruent and all four right angles
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| Trapezoid | quadrilateral with exactly one pair of opposite sides parallel
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| Ratio | comparison of two numbers by division
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| Proportion | equation that states that two ratios are equal
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| Pythagorean Theorem | in a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the legs is equal to the square of the hypotenuse
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| Circle | the set of points in a plane that are equidistant from a fixed point called the center
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| Radius | Segment whose endpoints are the center of the circle and a point on the circle
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| Chord | segment that connects two points on the circle
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| Diameter | chord that passes through the center of the circle
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| Secant | line that intersects a circle in two points
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| Tangent | line in the plane of the circle the intersects the circle in one point
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| Concentric Circles | two or more circles in the same plane with the same center
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| Congruent Circles | circles that have congruent radii
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| Sphere | set of points in space a given distance from a given point called the center
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| Arc | consists of two points and the continuous part of a circle between them
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| Semi-Circle | arc whose endpoints are the endpoints of a diameter
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| Minor arc | arc whose measure is less than a semi-circle or 180 degrees
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| major arc | arc whose measure is greater than a semi-circle of 180 degrees
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| central angle of a circle | angle whose vertex is the center of the circle and whose rays are radii of the circle
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| Congruent arcs | arcs with equal measure in the same circle or in congruent circles
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| Inscribed angles | angle whose vertex is on the circle and whose sides are chords of the circle
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| bases | congruent polygons lying in parallel planes
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| Altitude | segment joining the two base planes and perpendicular to both
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| Lateral faces | faces of a prism that are not its bases
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| Lateral edges | intersection of adjacent lateral faces
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| Lateral area | Sum of the area of its lateral faces
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| Surface area | sum of the area of all faces
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| Volume | number of cubic units contained in a solid
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| Right prism | a prism whose lateral faces are rectangles
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| oblique prism | a prism whose lateral faces are parallelograms
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| cube | a prism where all sides are squares
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| Triangular prism | a prism whose parallel faces are congruent triangles
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| Cylinder | has two congruent circular bases in parallel planes
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| Cone | has a vertex and a circular base
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| Line of symmetry | divides a figure into two congruent halves that reflect each other
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| Perimeter | the distance around the polygon
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| Area | the number of square units needed to cover the figure
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| Circumference | the distance around a circle
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| conditional statement | a statement that can be written in if-then form
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| Hypothesis | in a conditional statement, it is the statement that immediately follows the word if
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| Conclusion | in a conditional statement, it is the statement that immediately follows the word then
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| Converse | The statement formed by exchanging the hypothesis and the conclusion of a conditional statement
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| Inverse | the statement formed by negating both the hypothesis and the conclusion of a conditional statement
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| Contrapositive | the statement formed by negating both the hypothesis and conclusion of the converse of a conditional statement
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| Biconditional | the conjunction of a conditional statement and its converse
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| Proof | a logical argument in which each statement you make is supported by a statement that is accepted as true
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| Postulate | a statement that describes a fundamental relationship between basic terms of geometry. These are accepted as true without proof.
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| Theorem | A statement or conjecture that can be proven true by given, definitions, postulates, or already proven theorems.
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| Two column proof | a formal proof that contains statements and reasons organized in two columns
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| Paragraph proof | an informal proof written in the form of a paragraph that explains why a conjecture for a given situation is true
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| Flow proof | a proof that organizes statements in logical order, starting with given statements
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| Sine | for an acute angle of a right triangle, the ratio of the measure of the leg opposite the acute angle to the measure of the hypotenuse
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| Cosine | for an acute angle of a right triangle, the ratio of the measure of the leg adjacent to the acute angle to the measure of the hypotenuse
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| Tangent | for an acute angle of a right triangle, the ratio of the measure of the leg opposite the acute angle to the measure of the leg adjacent to the acute angle
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