Hematologic System
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| May become tissue macrophages | show 🗑
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| show | Platelet
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| show | Lymphocyte
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| show | Monocyte
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| Production stimulated by hypoxia | show 🗑
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| show | Basophil
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| show | Neutrophil
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| show | Eosinophil
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| Responds first at injury site | show 🗑
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| show | Lymphocyte
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| show | Basophil
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| Arises from megakaryocyte | show 🗑
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| show | Neutrophils
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| Increases indicate an increased rate of erythropoiesis | show 🗑
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| Make up 2% to 4% of WBCs | show 🗑
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| show | Neutrophils
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| show | Neutrphils, basophils and eosinophils
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| show | ERYTHROPOIETIN from the kidney
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| Nutrients essential for red blood cell production include | show 🗑
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| show | lymphedema
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| show | liver spleen, lymph notes
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| show | ferritin, hemosiderin
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| Thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin | show 🗑
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| show | Platelet plug formation
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| show | Platelet plug formation
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| Thrombin catalyzes conversion of plasminogen to plasmin | show 🗑
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| Release of PF3, serotonin and epinephrine | show 🗑
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| show | Lysis of clot
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| show | Lysis of clot
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| show | Vascular response
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| Prothrombin converted to thrombin | show 🗑
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| Damaged vascular surface | show 🗑
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| Serum calcium activity as factor IV | show 🗑
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| Platelet agglutination | show 🗑
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| An appropriate nursing action for a patient's laboratory test results which indicate increased fibrin split products (FSP) is | show 🗑
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| Reason: | show 🗑
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| show | Fibrin Split Products
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| FDP = | show 🗑
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| show | Partial Thromboplastin Time
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| Blood test results of an 83-year old would be of major concern if the results were: | show 🗑
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| show | In aging, the PTT is normally decr, so an abnormally high PTT of 60 secs is an indication that bleeding could readily occur. Plt are unaffected by aging, & 150k is a normal count. Serum FE levels are decr & the ESR is significantly incr with aging.
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| A patient with a bone marrow disorder with an overproduction of myeloblasts. The nurse would expect the results of a CBC to include increased | show 🗑
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| show | The myeloblast is a committed hematopoietic cell found in the bone marrow from which granulocytes develop. A disorder in which myeloblasts are overproduced would result in increased basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils
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| During the nursing assessment of a patient with anemia, the nurse asks the patient about a history of | show 🗑
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| Rationale: | show 🗑
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| show | Recurring infections indicate decreased WBCs and immune response, and corticosteroid therapy may cause a neutrophilia and lymphopenia. Oral contraceptive use is strongly associated wtih changes in blood coagulation.
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| show | Family history of hematologic disorders; alcohol and cigarette use
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| show | deficiencies of iron, Vit B12, and folic acid; GI bleeding; petechiae or bruising of the skin fever, lymph node swelling
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| Elimination | show 🗑
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| Activity-exercise | show 🗑
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| show | fatigue unrelieved by sleep
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| Cognitive-perceptual | show 🗑
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| Self-perception-self-concept | show 🗑
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| show | home or work exposure to radiation or chemicals; military history
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| Sexuality-reproductive | show 🗑
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| show | lack of support to meet daily needs; methods of coping with stress
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| show | Value conflicts with treatment, especially blood products or bone marrow transplants
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| Using light pressure with index and middle fingers, the nurse cannot palpate any of the patient's superficial lymph nodes. The nurse | show 🗑
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| show | superficial lymph nodes are usually not palpable. It may be normal to find small (< 1.0 cm) mobile, firm, nontender nodes. Deep lymph nodes are detected radiographically.
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| show | petechia and purpura
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| show | Petechiae are small, flat, red or reddish brown pinpoint microhemorrhages that occur on the skin when platelet levels are low; when they are numerous, they group, causing reddish bruises known as purpura. Jaundice occurs when anemias are of a hemolytic
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| show | origin, resulting in accumulation of bile pigments from RBCs. Enlarged, tender lymph nodes are associated with infection, and sternal tenderness is associated with leukemias
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| A patient with a hematologic disorder has a smooth, shiny red tongue. The nurse would expect the patient's laboratory results to include | show 🗑
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| Rationale: | show 🗑
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| show | Platelets: 50,000/ul
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| Rationale: | show 🗑
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| Serum Iron: 40 mcg/dL (7 umol/L) | show 🗑
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| show | inflammatory conditions of any kind
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| show | infection
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| show | heparin therapy
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| Indirect bilirubin: 2.0 mg/dl (34 umol/L) | show 🗑
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| Urine Bence-Jones protein | show 🗑
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| show | The anti-A and Anti-B antibodies in the patient's blood to hemolyze the donor blood
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| Rationale: A pateint with O Rh+ blood has no A or B antigens on the red cell but does have anti-A or anti-B antibodies in the blood & has an Rh antigen. AB Rh- blood has both A & B antaigens on red cell but no Rh antigen & no Anti-A or Anti-B antibodies | show 🗑
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| To prepare the patient for a bone marrow aspiration from the most common site for adults, the nurse positions the patient | show 🗑
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| When teacing a patient about a bone marrow examination, the nurse explains that | show 🗑
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| A lymph node biopsy is most often performed to diagnose | show 🗑
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| show | The study of blood and blood-forming tissues. This includes bone marrow, blood, spleen and lymph system. Evaluate the patients ability to transport Oxygen and Carbon dioxide, coagulate blood and combat infections
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| Hematopoiesis (Blood cell production) | show 🗑
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| Bone Marrow | show 🗑
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| show | develop from a common hematopoietic stem cell within the bone marrow.
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| Hematopoietic stem cell | show 🗑
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| Three types of Blood Cells | show 🗑
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| Blood: A type of connective tissue that performs three major functions | show 🗑
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| Blood is responsible for | show 🗑
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| Blood's role | show 🗑
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| show | Plasma and blood cells
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| Plasma is 55% of blood; composed primarily of water | show 🗑
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| Serum | show 🗑
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| show | Albumin, Globulin, Clotting factors, mostly fibrinogen
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| show | Is comosed of formed elements or blood cells
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| show | Erythrocytes (RBCs), leukocytes (WBCs), and thrombocytes (Platelets).
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| Primary function of erythrocytes is | show 🗑
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| Leukocytes are | show 🗑
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| Platelets function | show 🗑
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| show | the primary functions of RBCs include transport of gases (both O2 and CO2) and assistance in maintaining acid-base balance.
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| show | it is a flexible cell with a unique biconcave shape
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| show | A complex protein-iron compound composed of heme (an iron compound) and globin ( a simple protein). functions to bind with O2 & CO2.
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| show | stimulated by hypoxia and controlled by erythropoietin, a glycoprotein growth facdtor sythesized and released by the kidney.
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| show | stimulates the bone marrow to increase erythrocyte production
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| show | normally the bone marrow releases 3x10 to the 9th RBCs/kg of body wt/day. Erythropoiesis is also influenced by the availability of nutrients.
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| Essential nutrients necssaray for erythropoiesis are | show 🗑
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| Example of microcytic anemia | show 🗑
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| Reticulocyte | show 🗑
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| show | by monocytes and macrophages removes abnormal, defective, damaged and old RBCs from circulatiaon. This usually occurs in teh bone marrow, liver & spleen.
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| Hemolysis of RBCs | show 🗑
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| show | 120 days
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| show | appear white when separated from blood. they originate from stem cells within the bone marrow
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| Five different tyepes of leukocytes, each with a different function | show 🗑
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| Granulocytes: | show 🗑
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| show | agranulocytes and include lymphocytes and monocytes.
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| show | are also referred to as mononuclear cells because they have only one discrete nucleus.
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| show | have a widely variable life span.
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| show | may only live for hours, yet some T-lymphocytes may live for years.
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| Primary function of the granulocytes | show 🗑
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| Neutrophil | show 🗑
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| show | primary phagocytic cells involved in acute inflammatory responses
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| show | called segmented neutrophil or seg or polysemented neutrophil because the nucleus is segmented into two to five loves connected by strands.
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| show | Immature neutrophil. Also capable of phagocytosis, but the mature neutrophil is much more effective
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| show | account for only 2 to 4% of all WBCs. they have a similar but reduced ability for phagocytosis. One of their primary functions is to engulf antigen-antibody complexes formed during an allegic response.
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| Which cells are able to defend against parasitic infections | show 🗑
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| show | They have a limited role in phagocytosis. They have cytoplasmic granules that contain heparin, serotonin, and histamine.
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| show | when a basophil is stimulated by an antigen or by tissue injury.
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| Examples of Nticoagulants are | show 🗑
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| show | A process resulting in the dissolution of the fibrin clot.
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| Spleen | show 🗑
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| show | Hematopoietic, filtration, immunologic and storage.
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| Hematopoietic function | show 🗑
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| Filtration Function | show 🗑
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| The spleen also | show 🗑
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| The spleen as storage | show 🗑
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| show | consists of lymph fluid, lymphatic capillaries, ducts, & lymph nodes.
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| The Lymph System | show 🗑
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| Returning excess interstitial fluid to the blood | show 🗑
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| Primary function of lymph nodes | show 🗑
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Created by:
howardccnurs