Definitions for Hypothesis Testing
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Hypothesis Test | pertaining to one population for testing a claim about some parameter of the population.
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Null Hypothesis | a statement that the value of a population parameteris equal to some value.
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Alternative Hypothesis | a statement that the population parameter has a value that somehow differs from the value in the null hypothesis.
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Test Statistic | a value that is computed from a sample data.
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Traditional Method | invloves critical values and critical regions.
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P-value Method | involves the calculation of a P-value.
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Critical Region | a set of values of the test statistic that causes us to reject the null hypothesis.
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Significance Level | the probability that the test statistic will fall in the critical region when the null hypothesis is actually true.
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Critical Value | the value that separates the critical region from the non-critical region.
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Two-Tailed | if the sign is H1is not = to.
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Right-Tailed | if the sign is H1>.
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Left-Tailed | if the sign is H1<.
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P-Value | the probability of getting a value of the test statistic that is at least as extreme as the one representing the sample data, assuming the null hypothesis is true.
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Type I Error | if the null hypothesis is true, but we reject it.
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Type II Error | if the null hypothesis is false, but we fail to reject it.
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