SS Phoenicians Chapter 6 Test
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| Canaan | located in what is today Lebanon and Israel, in ancient times it acted as a bridge connecting Egypt and Mesopotamia, Phoenicians and Hebrews settled here
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| Phoenicians | lived in the northern part of Canaan, made up of the Canaanites (herders) and Philistines (traders and shipbuilders)
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| Treaties | agreements between states and countries
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| Holy of Holies | most sacred chamber in the Phoenician temple where the image or sacred stone of a god was kept
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| Colonies | permanent settlements beyond the land of Phoenicia itself- primarily in the along coast of North Africa
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| Carthage | most famous Phoenician colony founded in 814 BC- located in present day country of Tunisia- became Mediterranean power and trading city
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| Canaanites | herders from south and east of Canaan
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| Philistines | traders and shipbuilders from near Greece
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| How have we gained our knowledge about the Phoenicians? | Most of what we know about the Phoenicians comes from the Bible, writings of other ancient peoples, and ruins of their cities and ships.
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| Give two reasons why the Phoenicians became sea merchants? | The Phoenicians became sea merchants because they did not have enough land to grow food for all of the people, and they had access to large cedar forests which they used to build ships. Phoenicia was also located along the coast of the Mediterranean.
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| How did the Phoenicians’ use of peace treaties benefit themselves as well as their neighbors? | It benefited the Phoenicians because they promised to supply free shipments of goods, also in exchange for these shipments the other countries had promised the Phoenicians independence. (no taxes on products)
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| Why did the Phoenicians never unite? | The Phoenicians never united because the mountains separated the city-states.
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| Name four large Phoenician cities. Why didn’t they always get along? | Byblos, Beirut, Sidon, and Tyre never got along because trading and profit got in the way. Cities became jealous of one another for what they had and there became quarrels among city-states.
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| What is considered the Phoenicians’ most important gift to other civilizations? Why? | The most important idea was an alphabet because they wanted to use an easier writing system. They borrowed it from the Canaanites, it is the Phoenicians who shared their alphabet with the Greeks. From there it spread to the Romans and most of Western Euro
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| Why was the Canaanite system of writing appealing to the Phoenicians? | The Canaanite system of writing was appealing to the Phoenicians it only had 22 symbols (letters), which allowed them to have a simplified method of writing to keep trading records.
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| What is the translation of the word “Phoenician”? Why was this a suitable name for this group of people? | The translation of the word “Phoenician” is “of purple merchant”. This was a suitable name for this group of people because Phoenician cities were important cloth-dyeing centers.
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