CRChem1CH10Vocabulary (new book)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| spontaneous mixing of the particles of two substances due to their random motion | diffusion
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| process by which gas particles pass through a tiny opening | effusion
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| collision between gas particles and container walls in which there is no net loss of kinetic energy | elastic collision
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| substance that can flow and therefore take the shape of its container; a liquid or gas | fluid
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| imaginary gas that perfectly fits all the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory | ideal gas
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| based on the idea that the particles of matter are in constant motion | kinetic-molecular theory
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| gas that does not behave completely according to the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory | real gas
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| the attraction of the surface of a liquid to the surface of a solid | capillary action
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| process by which particles escape from the surface of a nonboiling liquid and enter the gas state | evaporation
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| physical change of a liquid to a solid by removal of heat | freezing
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| force that tends to pull adjacent parts of a liquid's surface together, thereby decreasing surface area to the smallest possible size | surface tension
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| process by which a liquid or solid changes to a gas | vaporization
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| solid in which the particles are arranged randomly | amorphous
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| substance in which the particles are arranged in an orderly, geometric, repeating pattern | crystal
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| total three-dimensional arrangement of particles of a crystal | crystal structure
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| solid made up of crystals | crystalline
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| physical change of a solid to a liquid by the addition of heat | melting
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| temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid | melting point
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| substances that retain certain liquid properties even at temperatures at which they appear to be solid | supercooled liquids
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| smallest portion of a crystal lattice that slows the three-dimensional pattern of the entire lattice | unit cell
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| the conversion of a liquid to a vapor within the liquid as well as at its surface | boiling
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| the temperature at which the equilibrium vapor pressure of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure | boiling point
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| the process by which a gas changes to a liquid | condensation
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| indicates the critical pressure and critical temperature | critical point
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| the lowest pressure at which the substance can exist as a liquid at the critical temperature | critical pressure
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| temperature above which the substance cannot exist in the liquid state | critical temperature
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| change of state of a gas directly to a solid | deposition
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| dynamic condition in which two opposing changes occur at equal rates in a closed system | equilibrium
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| the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its corresponding liquid at a given temperature | equilibrium vapor pressure
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| temperature at which a solid and liquid are in equilibrium at 1 atm of pressure | freezing point
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| when a system at equilibrium is disturbed by application of a stress, it attains a new equilibrium position that minimizes the stress | LeChatlier's principle
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| amount of heat energy required to melt one mole of solid at its melting point | molar enthalpy of fusion
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| amount of heat energy needed to vaporize one mole of liquid at its boiling point | molar enthalpy of vaporization
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| any part of a system that has uniform composition and properties | phase
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| graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the conditions under which the phases of a substance exist | phase diagram
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| change of state from a solid directly to a gas | sublimation
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| indicates the temperature and pressure conditions at which the solid, liquid, and vapor of a substance can coexist at equilibrium | triple point
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| liquids that evaporate readily | volatile
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