Physics (GCSE) Revision (Energy)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Energy cannot be created or destroyed but it can be . . . | transferred from one form to another. | show 🗑
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| show | high temperature to lower temperature. | Heat flows from HOT to COLD (unless you are inside a fridge!)
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| show | Conduction | Vibrating atoms transfer kinetic energy - but free electrons in metals make them better conductors than non-metals.
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| Liquids and gases can flow and so can transfer energy by . . . | show | Hot fluid rises and is replaced by cooler fluid which sinks.
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| Energy can travel through a vacuum by . . . | RADIATION | show 🗑
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| Hot bodies emit . . . | INFRA-RED radiation. | show 🗑
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| show | absorbers AND emitters of radiation. | If HOT it emits - if COLD it absorbs.
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| Light, shiny surfaces are good . . . | show | Shiny surfaces are also poor emitters - they keep heat in.
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| show | double glaze windows, fill cavity walls, insulate the loft with fibre glass. | All these methods are used and more. Can you think of any?
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| show | heat, which is wasted. | We are heating up the Earth with our waste energy.
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| The result of 'wasted' energy is that . . . | show | This can be put to good use to heat homes - but it needs careful planning.
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| Energy lost from a system becomes increasingly spread out and it is therefore . . . | show | Low grade heat is not useful because the temperature difference is small.
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| If a device uses a high percentage of the energy supplied in a useful way we say it is . . . | more EFFICIENT. | show 🗑
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| The efficiency of a device is calculated by finding the ratio . . . | Useful energy transferred/total energy supplied | show 🗑
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| show | used over and over and will never run out. | At least not within the expected lifetime of the Sun.
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| Non-renewable resources are ones which . . . | are finite and which cannot be replaced during the lifetime of a human. | show 🗑
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| show | formed over millions of years deep inside the Earth. | They are not going to be replaced - ever!
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| Coal, oil and natural gas are all examples of . . . | Non-renewable resources - they are fossil fuels. | show 🗑
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| Wind, wave, tidal, geothermal and solar energy are examples of . . . | show | The sun has over 5 billion years to live - we hope!
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| Most of the energy presently used by humans comes from non-renewable resources. We need to save them because . . . | the more economical we are, the longer they will last. | show 🗑
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| It is important to find alternative resources because . . . | show | We depend on oil for most of our transport.
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| show | we replant at least as many trees as we cut down. | The Amazon basin is being deforested at an alarming rate !
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| Electricity is a convenient, widely used energy source because . . . | it can easily be transferred into other forms of energy. | show 🗑
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| In most power stations, energy from fuel is used to . . . | heat water to produce steam. | show 🗑
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| Nuclear power stations use nuclear fuel, mainly . . . | uranium and plutonium | show 🗑
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| Renewable energy resources can also be used to produce electricity. These include . . . | wind, waves, hydro-electric and geothermal energy. | show 🗑
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| Geothermal energy comes from . . . | show | In volcanic areas hot water and steam rise to the surface and can be tapped.
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| show | solar cells | Passive solar heating can also be used to heat homes and offices.
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| Burning fossil fuels releases a gas called . . . | carbon dioxide and also sulphur dioxide. | show 🗑
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| The presence of CO2 in the Earth's atmosphere leads to . . . | show | Heat from the Sun is trapped and cannot escape to space.
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| The presence of SO2 in gases emitted by power stations causes . . . | acid rain which destroys trees. | show 🗑
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| Nuclear power stations do not produce harmful gases. The main risk is from . . . | show | Chernobyl in 1987 was a serious accident which affected all of Europe.
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| The main disadvantage of nuclear power is . . . | the radioactive waste which must be stored for thousands of years. | show 🗑
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| show | We need thousands of wind turbines and they look unsightly in the countryside. | Also they need wind, which isn't always there when you need it.
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| A tidal barrage across a river estuary can produce a lot of energy. Why don't we have lots of them? | They are costly and destroy wildlife. | show 🗑
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| Hydroelectricity is a good way of producing cheap electricity. What are the drawbacks? | show | Whole villages have been flooded by damming rivers.
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| Why are coal-fired power stations running all the time? | It takes too long to start and stop them. | show 🗑
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| The most expensive way to produce electricity at present is by . . . | show | They have a high cost per unit but are suitable for remote locations.
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| Energy is normally measured in . . . | joules | show 🗑
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| When a force acts on an object, the work done is equal to . . . | show | W = F x s
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| Work done by a force = | show | 1N x 1m = 1J
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| show | power | in joules per second
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| show | watt | 1W = 1J/s
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| show | work done / time taken | or work = power x time
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| show | gravitational potential energy | which depends on the height
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| show | weight x change in vertical height | weight = mg
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| Weight = | mass x gravitational field strength | show 🗑
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| The gravitational field strength at the surface of the Earth is approximately . . . | show | g = 10 N/kg
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| A body falling freely in Earth's gravity will accelerate at . . . | 10 metres per second squared | show 🗑
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| The energy an object has because of its movement is called . . . | show | energy of motion
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| show | 1/2m v^2 | 1/2 mass x speed squared
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| When energy is transferred from one form to another the total amount of energy is . . . | show | This can be difficult to believe when friction is acting - friction produces heat
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| show | WEll | As much as i can get..girl goes on ALL NIGHT!!!
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Created by:
J Thomson
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