5th science chapter 8
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| people who study the weather | meteorologists
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| the ___ is the source of all weather | sun
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| the __________ is a filter screen for solar rays | atmosphere
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| the function of the atmosphere in preventing the earth's heart from escaping to space is called the __________ _____ | greenhouse effect
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| the ______at first gets all the heat of the sun and the reflects it of into the air to give the air second-hand heat | ground
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| an imaginary line running *through the earth from the North pole to the South pole | the axis
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| the _____ is a imaginary line circling the earth midway between the North and South Poles | equator
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| the half of the earth's surface north of the equator is called the ________ _________and the other half south of the equator is the _______ __________ | Northern and Southern Hemisphere
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| ____ ___ ____ when heavier; cooler air gets underneath it and pushes it upward | warm air rises
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| air always _____ ____ from a region of high pressure to fill i a region of low pressure | always flow
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| equator winds | trade winds
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| winds from the poles | polar easterlies
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| the winds between the poles and the equator | prevailing westerlies
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| where is the most changeable weather on the earth | between the poles and the equator
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| ______ air can hold much more water vapor than _____ air can | warm; cold
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| we refer to the amount of water vapor in air as the ______ of the air | humidity
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| if the humidity of air is 100% we say that the air is ________ | saturated
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| we refer to the measure of humidity as the ________ ________ | relative humidity
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| the temperature at which cooling air becomes saturated is called the ___ _____ | dew point
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| released water vapor leaves the air and changes back into liquid water in a process called | condensation
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| ___forms on the ground as the water vapor in the air condenses | dew
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| frozen dew | frost
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| the troposphere's topmost boundary | tropopause
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| the tropopause marks the location of the __________ ________ | temperature inversion
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| the three things that can push air up | solar heating, mountains, and air fronts
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| a ___ ____ is a single large unit of air with uniform temperature and humidity characteristics (and it forms over a source region) | air mass
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| a ______ ______ is a large area of land or ocean with nearly the same temperature across its entire surface | source region
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| hot and dry air masses equatoral | continental tropical
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| moist warm equatoral air masses | maritime tropical
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| cold moist arctic air masses | maritime polar
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| cold and dry arctic air masses | continental polar
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| _____ and ________ air masses, which develop over the ice and snow of the poles, have very cold and rather dry air | arctic and antarctic
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| a boundary between two air masses is called a _____ | front
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| at a ____ _____ warm air pushes back cold air but at a ____ _____ cold air pushes back warm air | warm front and cold front
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| heap and pile clouds | ONLY cumulus clouds
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| the bigger "brother" of the cumulus cloud | cumulonimbus
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| layer clouds | ONLY stratus clouds
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| wisp or curl clouds | cirrus clouds
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| combined cloud families | combination clouds
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| the combination cloud of the stratus and cirrus families | cirrostratus
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| the combination cloud of the stratus and cumulus clouds | stratocumulus
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| the prefix ____- is often placed in front of a cloud name to describe clouds that are at a medium height instead of being close to the ground like stratus cloud or near the top of the troposphere like cirrus clouds | alto-
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| medium-height cumulus clouds | altocumulus
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| high, stratus clouds | altostratus
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| the prefix _______- is a term used to describe a cloud which rain is falling | nimbo
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| the two chief rain clouds | nimbostratus cumulonimbus
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| ___ is a special type of cloud at ground level | fog
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| ________ ___ forms on cool clear nights especially during the long nights of autumn | radiation fog
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| ___ ___ forms when warm air moves over cold water | sea fog
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| _____ fog has two names and is low to the ground | steam
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| rain, sleet, hail, and snow | a few forms of precipitation
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| the ordinary precipitation | rain
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| A precipitation in which the ground is below freezing where a gap of warm air forms between the cloud and the ground so the molecules melt then freeze back together | wet snow
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| ice crystal clumps that have melted and refroze | snowflakes
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| ___ ____ falls when the temperature of the air is well below freezing ice crystal falling through very cold air do not melt and stick together but travel separately | dry snow
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| fallen rain that has frozen on the ground after it fell | freezing rain
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| water vapor condensed on sea salt instead of sand | tropical rain
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| a thunderstorm is produced by the ____________ or the ___________ | cumulonimbus or thunderhead
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| the flat top of a cumulonimbus clouds | anvil top
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| rising air going to a cumulonimbus cloud | an updraft
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| falling air, cause: raindrops | downdraft
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| a _________ gets caught repeditally by an updraft and each time gets bigger | hailstone
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| a spot where positive and negative energy meet | electric current
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| the starting molecules of lightning | step leader
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| when all we can see of lightning is a bright flash | sheet lightning
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| sheet lightning that is very far off in the distance is called ____ _________ | heat lightning
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| the middle of a tornado | eye
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| meteorologists issue a _______ _____ if weather conditions could produce a tornado | tornado watch
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| if a tornado is spotted a _____ ______ is issued | tornado warning
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| what are three other icy precipitations besides (dry or wet) snow | hail, sleet, freezing rain
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| the supernatural weather maker | God
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| I fly high and I am easy to sight, for I look like a mare's tail all wispy and white | cirrus
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| a heap cloud am I, but I fly so high that I look like fish scales in the sky | cirrocumulus
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| I'm patchy and puffy all bumpy and white I soar in the sky at a medium height | altocumulus
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| I'm a thickening sheet at medium height that tries very hard to bock the sunlight | altostratus
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| like a blanket that's darkish-gray I fly low to drizzle your day | stratus
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| While other clouds in the sky are found I'm the one who stays near the ground | fog
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| I'm a layer cloud that is true, yet bumpy and rolling I fly in your view | startocumulus
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| I'm a thin cloud sheet that sails very high I cover or dull the deep blue of the sky | cirrostratus
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| I'm a heavy blanket all dark and gray when I bring rain I stay for the day | cumul-on-imbus
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| I'm small and light and puffy and white I'm seen in good weather when the sun shines bright | cumulus
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| on hot summer days I thunder and shout pouring raindrops and hail until I wear out | nimbostratus
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