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Economist's and Economic Laws

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Term
Definition
Laws of Economics   The general rules or principles guiding the production, distribution, and consumption of goods  
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Selected Principles of Economics #1   The satisfaction of human wants always requires effort. Everything must be worked for.  
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Selected Principles of Economics #2   Because people have more wants than they can satisfy, they must choose which of their many wants to satisfy  
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Selected Principles of Economics #3   When certain goods are very scarce or useful, they become more valuable in relation to other goods  
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Selected Principles of Economics #4   Every society is limited by nature in its capacity to produce goods  
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Selected Principles of Economics #5   To produce goods, it is necessary to combine the four factors of production  
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Selected Principles of Economics #6   Prosperous individuals and societies try to produce goods(work) as efficiently as possible  
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Selected Principles of Economics #7   To acquire capital, or tools of production, individuals and societies must save, postponing consumption of other goods  
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Selected Principles of Economics #8   An increase in capital efficiency results in increased production  
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Selected Principles of Economics #9   Division of labor and specialization usually result in increased production  
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Selected Principles of Economics #10   Economies that practice the effective division of labor require some form of money to make the exchange of goods easier  
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Mercantilism   A set of economic policies which aimed to biuld up the state's treasury  
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Trade Balance   The difference in value of the goods that a country sells abroad compared to those it purchases from other countries. One of the main concerns of mercantilistic governments  
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Tariffs   Taxes that governments apply only to imported goods  
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Imperialism   The establishment of colonies and extensive territories created to benefit their mother countries. Mercantilism advocated imperialism  
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Physiocrats   Some of the earliest influential advocates of "laissez-faire" economics, a French phrase meaning "let things alone". This doctrine says that a nation's economy is best left to itself and should not be stifled by government regulation  
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Classical Economics   The theories developed by economists that stated that the free market was the best possible economic system. These theories came from the ideas of the Physiocrats  
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Mercantilists Believe #1   A nation's real wealth is determined by its store of precious metals(gold and silver)  
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Physiocrats Believe #1   A nation's real wealth is derived from the land and its natural resources  
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Mercantilists Believe #2   The importation of foreign goods should be limited through restrictions and high tariffs  
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Physiocrats Believe #2   Free trade should be encouraged among nations through the absence of excessive laws and taxes  
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Mercantilists Believe #3   Government is needed to control population patterns by dictating where people may live and where they may work in order to endure productivity  
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Physiocrats Believe #3   Government should allow people to make their own choices because free labor is more productive than controlled labor  
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Mercantilists Believe #4   Industries need governmental regulation, special privileges, and protection in order to ensure their survival  
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Physiocrats Believe #4   Industries flourish best when allowed to make their own choices, free of governmental intervention  
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Adam Smith   The founder of modern economics  
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Division of Labor   The separation of work to be performed into individual tasks  
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Specialization   When the division of tasks among workers allows the production of goods by people doing the jobs they do best  
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Created by: TimHSEconomics
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