Chapter 5 Vocabulary - Light, Electrons, etc
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Electromagnetic Radiation | a form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space.
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| Wavelength | the shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave.
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| Frequency | The number of waves that pass a given point per second.
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| Electromagnetic spectrum | Encompasses all forms of electromagnetic radiation, with the only differences in the types of radiation being their frequencies and wavelengths.
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| Amplitude | a wave's height from the origin to the crest, or from the origin to the trough.
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| Quantum | the minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom.
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| Photoelectric Effect | electrons, called photoelectrons, are emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency shines on the surface.
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| Photon | particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy.
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| Atomic Emission Spectrum | the set of frequencies of the electromagnetic waves emitted by atoms of the element.
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| Ground State | the lowest allowable energy states of an atom.
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| de Broglie Equation | predicts that all moving particles have a wave characteristics.
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| Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle | states that it is fundamentally impossible to know precisely both the velocity and position of a particle at the same time.
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| Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom | The atomic model in which electrons are treated as waves is called the wave mechanical model of the atom.
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| Atomic Orbital | a three-dimensional region around the nucleus that describes an electrons probable location.
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| Principal Quantum Number | indicates the relative sizes and energies of atomic orbitals.
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| Electron Configuration | the arrangement of electrons in an atom.
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| Aufbau Principle | states that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available.
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| Pauli Exclusion Principle | states that a maximum of 2 electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital.
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| Hund's Rule | states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spin can occupy the same orbitals.
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| Electron-Dot Structure | consists of the element's symbol, which represents the atomic nucleus and inner-level electrons, surrounded by dots representing the atoms valence electrons.
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