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APUSH 2014/2015

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Question
Answer
William Howard Taft   Secretary of War under Roosevelt; chosen to be Roosevelt's successor  
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John Hay   Secretary of State under Roosevelt who attempted to preserve Chinese independence and protect American interests in China  
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Philippe Banau-Varilla   French engineer who advocated an American canal through Panama and helped instigate a Panamanian rebellion against Colombia  
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George Washington Goethals   West Point engineer; completed the Panama Canal in 1914  
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guerrilla warfare   hit and run technique used in fighting a war; fighting by small groups of warriors using tactics such as sudden ambushes  
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spheres of influence   areas in which a certain country has control of another country  
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"yellow peril"   anti-Japanese laws put in place because Americans saw the Japanese as a threat to America  
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Open Door notes   1899; US feared that countries with spheres of influence in China would choose to limit or restrict trade in their specific areas; John Hay tried to avoid this issue by sending letters to each country and asking them to keep trade open and tariffs low  
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"the full dinner pail"   Republican campaign slogan used in the election of 1900 to emphasize the popularity of McKInley's first term and appeal to the labor vote  
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Boxer Rebellion   a group of Chinese revolutionaries that disliked Western intervention in China rebelled, resulting in thousands of deaths  
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big-stick diplomacy   diplomatic policy developed by TR where the "big stick" symbolizes power and readiness to use military force if necessary; way of intimidating other countries without actually harming them  
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Clayton-Bulwer Treaty   1850; treaty between US and Great Britain agreeing that neither country would try to obtain exclusive rights to a canal across the isthmus of Panama; ignored by the US  
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Hay-Pauncefote Treaty   1901; GB recognized US' sphere of influence over the Panama Canal zone provided the canal itself remained neutral  
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Hay-Banau-Varilla Treaty   1903; granted the US land to build the Panama canal in exchange for $10 mil and annual payments to Panama  
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Panama Canal   built to have a quicker passage from the Pacific to the Atlantic; cost $400 mil  
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Roosevelt Corollary   addition to the Monroe Doctrine; Roosevelt stated that the US would use the military to intervene in Latin American affairs if necessary  
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Russo-Japanese War   began in 1904; war between Russia and Japan over Korea, Manchuria, etc  
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Portsmouth Conference   officially ended the Russo-Japanese war  
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Gentleman's Agreement   an agreement negotiated by TR in 1908 with the Japanese govt; Japanese agreed to limit immigration in exchange for the end of segregation in the Japanese school district  
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Great White Fleet   group of 16 white ships on a cruise around the world to display US' naval power; steam powered to impress Japan  
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Root-Takahira Agreement   1908; executive agreement between the US and Japan in which both nations agreed to mutual respect of each other's Pacific possessions and support for the Open Door Policy in China  
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