Urinary System
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| Kidneys | organs that remove waste products from the blood.
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| Glomerulus | Cluster of capillaries in the kidney where the urine begins to form
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| Nephron | Kidney's urine-producing unit
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| Ureters | Carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder
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| Urinary bladder | stores urine
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| Urinary meatus | Outside opening through which the urine passes
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| urethra | Carries urine from the bladder to the urinary meatus.
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| Kidney combing form | nephr/o
ren/o
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| Bladder, sac combining form | cyst/o
vesic/o
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| ureter combining form | ureter/o
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| Renal pelvis combining form | pyel/o
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| Glomerulus combining form | glomerul/o
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| Urethra combining form | urethr/o
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| Meatus combining form | meat/o
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| Glomerul/o definition | glomerulus
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| vesic/o definition | sac
bladder
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| pyel/o definition | renal pelvis
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| ureter/o | ureter
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| cyst/o | bladder
sac
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| urethr/o | urethra
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| ren/o | kidney
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| meat/o | meatus
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| Ex 4 1. hydr/o definition | water
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| 2. azot/o definition | urea, nitrogen
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| 3. noct/I definition | night
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| 4. lith/o definition | stone, calculus
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| 5. tom/o definition | cut, section
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| 6. albumin/o definition | albumin
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| 7. urin/o definition | urine, urinary tract
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| 8. son/o definition | sound
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| 9. glyc/o definition | sugar
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| 10. blast/o definition | developing cell, germ cell
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| 11. olig/o definition | scanty, few
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| 12. ur/o definition | urine, urinary tract
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| 13. glycos/o difinition | sugar
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| Ex 5 1. sugar combining form | glyc/o, glycos/o
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| 2. Sound combining form | son/o
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| 3. urine, urinary tract combining form | urin/o, ur/o
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| 4. water combining form | hydr/o
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| 5. developing cell, germ cell combining form | blast/o
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| 6. cut, section combining form | tom/o
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| 7. albumin combing form | albumin/o
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| 8. night combining form | noct/i
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| 9. urea, nitrogen combing form | azot/o
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| 10. stone, calculus combining form | lith/o
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| 11. scanty, few combing form | olig/o
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| Ex 6 1. -iasis, -esis definition | condition
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| 2.-lysis definition | loosening, dissolution, separating
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| 3. -megaly definition | enlargement
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| 4. -rrhaphy definition | suturing, repairing
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| 5. -ptosis definition | drooping, sagging, prolapse
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| 6. -tripsy definition | surgical crushing
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| 7. -trophy definition | nourishment, development
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| 8. -uria definition | urine, urination
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| 9. -gram definition | record, radiographic image
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| Ex 9 1. nephroma define | tumor of the kidney
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| 2.cystolith define | stone in the bladder
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| 3. nephrolithiasis define | condition of stone(s) in the kidney
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| 4. uremia define | condition of urine (urea) in the blood
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| 5. nephroptosis define | drooping kidney
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| 6. cystocele define | protrusion of the bladder
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| 7. nephrohypertrophy define | excessive development of the kidney
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| 8. cystitis define | inflammation of the bladder
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| 9. pyelitis define | inflammation of the renal pelvis
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| 10.ureterocele define | protrusion of a ureter
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| 11. hydronephrosis define | abnormal condition of water in the kidney
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| 12. nephromegaly define | enlargement of a kidney
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| 13. ureterolithiasis define | condition of stones (s) in the ureters
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| 14. pyelonephritis define | inflammation of the renal pelvis an the kidney
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| 15. ureteritis define | inflammation of the ureter
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| 16. nephritis define | inflammation of a kidney
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| 17. urethrocystitis define | inflammation of the urethra and bladder
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| 18. ureterostenosis define | narrowing of the ureter
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| 19. nephroblastoma define | kidney tumor containing developing cell.
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| Ex 13 1. Stones in the kidney are also called | renal calculus
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| 2. The inability to urinate, which results in an abnormal amount of urine in the bladder, is known as | urinary retention
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| 3. The name given to a condition in which a kidney is enlarged and contains many cysts is | polycystic kidney disease
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| 4. the condition in which the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis is called | hypospadias
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| 5.Elevated blood pressure resulting from kidney disease is | renal hypertension
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| 6. Sudden stoppage of urine formation is referred to as | urinary suppression
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| 7. is a condition in which the urinary meatus is located on the upper surface of the penis. | epispadias
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| 8. Infection of one or more organs of the urinary system is called | urinary tract infection
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| 9. is a condition in which pathogenic microorganisms enter the bloodstream. | sepsis
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| Ex 17 1. vesicotomy | incision of the bladder
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| 2. cystotomy | incision of the bladder
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| 3. nephrostomy | creation of an artificial opening into the kidney
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| 4. nephrolysis | separating the kidney
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| 5. cystectomy | excision of the bladder
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| 6. pyelolithotomy | incision of the renal pelvis to remove a stone
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| 7.nephropexy | surgical fixation of the kidney
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| 8. cystolithotomy | incision of the bladder to remove a stone
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| 9. nephrectomy | excision of a kidney
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| 10. ureterectomy | excision of a ureter
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| 11. cystostomy | creation of an artificial opening into the bladder
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| 12. pyeloplasty | surgical repair of the renal pelvis
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| 13. cystorrhaphy | suturing of the bladder
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| 14. meatotomy | incision of the meatus
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| 15. lithotripsy | crushing of a stone
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| 16.urethroplasty | surgical repair of the urethra
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| 17. vesicourethral (suspension) | suspension pertaining to the bladder and urethra
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| 18. nephropyelolithotomy | incision through the kidney into the renal pelvis to remove a stone
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| 19. ureterostomy | creation of an artificial opening into the ureter.
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| Ex 22 1. fulguration | used to remove bladder growth
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| 2. renal transplant | used to replace a nonfunctioning kidney
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| 3. ESWL | also called shock wave lithotripsy
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| Ex 25 1. voiding cystourethrography | radiographic imaging of the bladder and the urethra
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| 2. meatoscope | instrument used for visual examination of the meatus
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| 3. cystography | radiographic imaging of the bladder
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| 4. urethroscope | instrument used for visual examination of the urethra
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| 5. nephrosonography | process of recording the kidney with sound
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| 6. cystoscope | instrument used for visual examination of the bladder
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| 7. nephrotomogram | sectional radiographic image of the kidney
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| 8.cystogram | radiographic image of the bladder
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| 9. meatoscopy | visual examination of the meatus
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| 10. nephrogram | radiographic image of the kidney
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| 11. cystoscopy | visual examination of the bladder
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| 12. nephrography | radiographic imaging of the kidney
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| 13. urinometer | instrument used to measure (specific gravity) urine
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| 14. (intravenous) urogram | radiographic image of the urinary tract (with contrast medium injected intravenously)
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| 15. (retrograde) urogram | radiographic image of the urinary tract
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| 16. renogram | (graphic) record of the kidney
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| 17. nephroscopy | visual examination of the kidney
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| 18. ureteroscopy | visual examination of the ureter
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| Ex 30 1. specific gravity | a urine test to measure concentrating or diluting abilities of the kidneys
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| 2. blood urea nitrogen | a blood test that measures the amount of urea in the blood.
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| 3. urinalysis | multiple routine tests performed on a urine sample
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| 4. KUB | a radiographic image of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder
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| 5. Creatinine | a test on blood that if elevated indicates impaired kidney function.
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| EX 33 1.nocturia define | night urination
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| 2. urologist define | physician who studies and treats (disease of the urinary tract.
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| 3. oliguria define | scanty urine
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| 4. azotemia define | (excessive) urea and nitrogenous substances in the blood
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| 5. hematuria define | blood in the urine
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| 6. urology define | study of the urinary tract
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| 7. polyuria define | much (excessive) urine
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| 8. albuminuria define | albumin in the urine
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| 9. anuria define | absence of urine
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| 10. diuresis define | condition of urine passing through (increased excretion of urine)
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| 11. pyuria define | pus in the urine
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| 12. urinary define | pertaining to the urine
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| 13. glycosuria define | sugar in the urine
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| 14. meatal define | pertaining to the meatus
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| 15. dysuria define | difficult or painful urination
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| 16. nephrology define | study of the kidney
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| 17.nephrologist define | physician who studies and treats disease of the kidney
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| Ex 37 1. a receptacle for urine is an | urinal
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| 2. the procedure for removing impurities from the blood because of the inability of the kidneys to do so is called | hemodialysis
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| 3 a __ bladder is stretched out. | distended
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| 4. a Flexible, tube-like device for withdrawing or instilling fluids is an | catheter
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| 5. The inability to control the bladder and/or bowels is called | incontinence
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| 6. The passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder to withdraw urine is an | urinary catheterization
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| 7. To remove toxic wastes caused by kidney insufficiency by placing dialyzing fluid in the peritoneal cavity is called | peritoneal dialysis
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| 8. To void is to | evacuate waste material
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| 9. An abnormal narrowing is an | stricture
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| 10. An agent that increases the formation and excretion of urine is called an | diuretic
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| 11. Involuntary urination is called | enuresis
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| 12. Is another word for void or urinate | micturate
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| 13. is the name given to the force and flow of urine | urodynamics
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| BUN | blood urea nitrogen
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| cath | catheterization, catheter
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| ESWL | extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
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| HD | hemodialysis
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| IVP | intravenous pyelogram
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| IVU | intravenous urogram
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| SG | specific gravity
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| UA | urinalysis
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| UTI | urinary tract infection
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| VCUG | voiding cystourethrogram
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