Chemistry Bonding Vocabulary
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Chemical Bond | An electrical force linking atoms together. Many different types. ALL involve electrons!
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Covalent Bond | Bond that results from the sharing of electron pairs between two (or more) NONMETALS.
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Polarity | Describes how equally bonding electrons are shared between atoms.
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Hydrogen Bonding | Hydrogen Bonding#Weak attraction between partial (δ+ and δ-) charges in water (and related) molecules.
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Molecule | Simplest structural unit of an element or compound. Can be one atom, or more than one atom.
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Diatomic | Molecule made of two atoms. Di-two atomic-atoms. Oxygen, Nitrogen, Chlorine, Fluorine, and Chlorine are diatomic molecules.
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Monatomic | Molecule made up of only one atom. Noble gasses are key examples of monatomic molecules.
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Octet Rule | Atoms will lose, gain, or share electrons in order to achieve a full valence shell.
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Ionic Bond | Bond that results from electrical attraction between cations and anions. Held together by electrostatic attraction.
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Single Covalent Bond | Bond where nonmetals share a pair (2) of electrons.
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Double Covalent Bond | Bond where nonmetals share two pairs (4) of electrons.
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Triple Covalent Bond | Bond where nonmetals share three pairs (6) of electrons.
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Nonpolar Covalent Bond | Bond where electrons are shared equally by bonded atoms.
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Polar Covalent Bond | Bond where electrons are shared unequally by bonded atoms.
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Electrostatic Attraction | Force between atoms of opposite charges, holds atoms together in ionic bonds.
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0.0 – 0.5 | Electronegativity difference in a nonpolar covalent bond.
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0.5-1.5 | Electronegativity difference in a polar covalent bond.
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> 1.5 | Electronegativity difference in an ionic bond.
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Polyatomic Ions | Ions made of more than one atom.
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Metallic Bonding | Bond resulting from the attraction of metal atoms and the sea of electrons.
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Crystal Lattice | The unique repeating pattern in the arrangement of atoms in an ionic compound.
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Delocalized Electrons | Electrons that are not associated with a single atom or one covalent bond.
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Salt | Ionic compound, produced by electron transfer of nonmetal and metal atom.
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Dissociate | Ionic compounds dissociate (separate) when dissolved in water.
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Electrolyte | Solution of ionic compound which conducts electricity.
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Intermolecular Force | Holds different molecules together. Fights against molecular motion holding molecules in place. Present in solids and liquids, nearly absent in gasses.
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Molecular Motion | Temperature-dependent movement of molecules. Fights against intermolecular forces.
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Created by:
david.chavez
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