micro vocab ch 13-17
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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show | the study of how firms’ decisions about prices and quantities depend on the market conditions they face
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show | the amount a firm receives for the sale of its output
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total cost | show 🗑
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show | total revenue minus total cost
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explicit costs | show 🗑
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show | input costs that do not require an outlay of money by the firm
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show | total revenue minus total explicit cost
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economic profit | show 🗑
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production function | show 🗑
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marginal product | show 🗑
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diminishing marginal product | show 🗑
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show | costs that do not vary with the quantity of output produced
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variable costs | show 🗑
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show | total cost divided by the quantity of output
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show | fixed cost divided by the quantity of output
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average variable cost | show 🗑
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show | the increase in total cost that arises from an extra unit of production
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Average total cost | show 🗑
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show | tells us the increase in total cost that arises from producing an additional unit of output
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show | the quantity of output that minimizes average total cost
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show | The marginal-cost curve crosses the average-total-cost curve at
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diseconomies of scale | show 🗑
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show | the property whereby long-run average total cost falls as the quantity of output increases
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constant returns to scale | show 🗑
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specialization | show 🗑
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coordination problems | show 🗑
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show | a market with many buyers and sellers trading identical products so that each buyer and seller is a price taker
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average revenue | show 🗑
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show | Buyers and sellers in competitive markets must accept the price the market determines and, therefore, are said to be
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the price of the good | show 🗑
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show | the change in total revenue from an additional unit sold
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the price of the good | show 🗑
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the market price. | show 🗑
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show | Marginal-cost curve determines the quantity of the good the firm is willing to supply at any price, the marginal-cost curve is the competitive firm’s
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show | refers to a short-run decision not to produce anything during a specific period of time because of current market conditions
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leave the market | show 🗑
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show | a cost that has already been committed and cannot be recovered
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sunk cost. | show 🗑
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variable costs of production | show 🗑
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above average variable cost. | show 🗑
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the firm exits the market if | show 🗑
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above average total cost | show 🗑
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show | The process of entry and exit ends only when price and average total cost are
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more elastic than the short-run supply curve. | show 🗑
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show | While a competitive firm is a price taker, a monopoly firm is
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Monopoly | show 🗑
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show | The fundamental cause of monopoly is
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Barriers to entry | show 🗑
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natural monopoly | show 🗑
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show | arises when there are economies of scale over the relevant range of output.
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The output effect: | show 🗑
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The price effect: | show 🗑
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marginal-cost curve | show 🗑
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show | In competitive markets, price equals __________. In monopolized markets, price exceeds it
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show | the _________ quantity is found where the demand curve and the marginal-cost curve intersect
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socially efficient | show 🗑
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price discrimination | show 🗑
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arbitrage, the process | show 🗑
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show | a situation in which the monopolist knows exactly each customer’s willingness to pay and can charge each customer a different price
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show | companies that merge to lower costs through more efficient joint production known as
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Oligopoly | show 🗑
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concentration ratio | show 🗑
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show | a market structure in which many firms sell products that are similar but not identical
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show | monopolistic competition describes a market with the what attributes:
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efficient scale of the firm. | show 🗑
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show | Firms are said to have _________under monopolistic competition
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The product-variety externality: | show 🗑
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The business-stealing externality: | show 🗑
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Oligopoly | show 🗑
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show | the study of how people behave in strategic situations
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show | an agreement among firms in a market about quantities to produce or prices to charge
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cartel | show 🗑
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show | a situation in which economic actors interacting with one another each choose their best strategy given the strategies that all the other actors have chosen
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The output effect: | show 🗑
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The price effect: | show 🗑
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prisoners’ dilemma | show 🗑
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show | a strategy that is best for a player in a game regardless of the strategies chosen by the other players
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