Language Arts
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| Myth | passed down through generations through the oral tradition like storytelling, poetry, sculpture, pottery, and paintings
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| What do constellations have to do with Greek Myths? | have Greek mythological stories behind them
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| Myths explain...... | natural occurrences which, once explained, seem less frightening (such as "Where does the sun go at night?" and "What is thunder?"
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| Myths usually feature..... | gods and other begins with supernatural powers; Because the events that occur in myths are unrealistic, you have to have a "suspension of disbelief" when you read them
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| Myths have frequent..... | metamorphoses or when characters frequently change shape
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| Myths reveal..... | consequences of both good and bad behavior; They are didactic or they have a teaching purpose; They instruct you on the values that the ancient Greeks though were most important`
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| Pantheon | gods of a particular mythology considered collectively
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| Mt. Olympus | a real mountain that reaches 9,000-10,000 feet into the sky (Ancient Greeks thought that it reached into the heavens and that is where their Pantheon of Gods sat)
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| Gods are.... | immortal, usually very beautiful, and very strong
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| Male gods tend to have many _____________ Female goddesses are respected when they remain faithful to ___ _____________ | many relationships; one relationship
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| Perseus and the Gorgon: Who is Perseus's father? | Zeus
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| How did Perseus and his mother escape the cell where his grandfather had kept them? | They were put into a wooden box together and thrown into the ocean.
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| Why did Perseus decide to kill the Gorgon? | To help his mother avoid a bad marriage to King Polydectes
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| Perseus went to the Grey Sisters to discover where their sister, the Gorgon, lived. What did the Grey Sisters all share? | one eye and one tooth
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| What is the Gorgon's other name? | Medusa
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| What did the Gorgon look like? | She has a nest of live poisonous for hair and bronze wings.
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| What did Perseus do after he killed Medusa? | He turned Atlas to stone to give a break from holding the sky on his shoulders. Also, he turned his mother's evil husband to stone as well.
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| How To Kill A Gorgon | 1) need a cap of invisibility, shield, sword, and winged sandals
2) talk to the Grey Sisters to locate Medusa
3) use the reflection in the shield to kill her
4) turn people into stone
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| After Perseus After He Killed Medusa: What did Cassiopeia (Andromeda's mother) brag about all the time? | Andromeda's beauty
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| Why did Poseidon decide to punish Cassiopeia? | Cassiooeia said that Andromeda was even more beautiful than all of Poseidon's daughters
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| What did Poseidon send as a form of punishment? | a sea monster, known as the Kraken, to ravage the land of Ethiopia
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| Why was Andromeda chained to a rock by the sea? | Poseidon was so angry that to be calmed down, Andromeda had to be sacrificed to the Kraken.
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| When Perseus saw Andromeda in danger, what did he do? | He uncovered Medusa's head and pointed it at the eyes of the Kraken, who then turned to stone.
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| Which three characters from this story are remembered in the skies as constellations? | Perseus, Cassiopeia, and Andromeda
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| Theseus and the Minotaur: What did King Minos of Crete require of the lands around him? | goods, men for the army, and tributes to honor him
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| What was King Minos's maze called? | the labyrinth
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| What creature did King Minos keep in the maze? | the minotaur, who is half man and half bull
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| How many of the seven young men and seven young women who are sent to Crete each year return to their homelands? | none
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| Who was Theseus's father? | King Aegeus
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| What happens to these young people? | They get eaten by the Minotaur.
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| What does Theseus decide to do? | He vowed to go to Crete as a tribute and slay the Minotaur.
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| Theseus's father ask Theseus to replace his ship's _____ sails with ______ sails if he returns ______ and ___________ | black; white; alive; successful
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| What did Ariadne request of Theseus? | to take her back to Athens with him when he returns
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| What did Theseus do when Ariadne brought up the topic of marriage? | Theseus said it would be wonderful, even though he didn't find her at all attractive. He then left her on the island.
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| What did Theseus forget to do when he led Ariadne on the island? | He forgot to change the black sails to white.
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| How did Theseus's father react to seeing his son's ship? | King Aegeus, distraught and in despair, flung himself over a cliff.
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| Why is the sea around Crete called the Aegean Sea? | In memory of Theseus's father, King Aegeus.
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| Bellerophon and Pegasus? Exiled: What did Bellerophon do that resulted in his exile? | he committed a murder
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| What did King Proteus's wife falsely claim that Bellerophon did? | made a pass at her
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| The Letter: Why did the paragraph claim that it would have been difficult for Bellerophon to read the letter that King Proteus asked him to take to King Iobates? | writing hand't been invented yet
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| The Favor: What did the letter say? | to kill the person who hands you this
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| Why didn't King Iobates do what was asked of him in the letter? | He was bound by the same hospitality as King Proteus.
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| King Iobates asked Bellerophon to rid the kingdom of the _______ | Chimaera
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| The Challenge: The Chimaera has a ____'_ front, a _____'_ middle, and a _____'_ tail. | lion's front, goat's middle, and snake's tail
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| The Campaign: How did Bellerophon feel about his potential to be a hero instead of just a delivery boy? | He was pleased at the opportunity to elevate himself.
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| The Strategy: Did Bellerophon decide to attack the monster by way of sea or air? | air
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| What did he need to get in order to make this attack possible? | a winged steed (winged horse)
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| Pegasus: Pegasus is the immortal offspring of ________ and ______. | Poseidon and Medusa
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| Athena: What did Athena give Bellerophon in a dream? | a golden bridle
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| This thing made Pegasus ____ and ________. | tame and rideable
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| Armament: Bellerophon needed a _____. | lance: sort of spear best suited for fighting on horseback
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| The Solution: The gods suggested that Bellerophon attach a lump of ____ to the end of his spear | lead
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| The Chimaera would suffer from ________ when tho melted (from the Chimaera's fiery breath) and dripped down his throat. | heartburn
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| In which city was the Chimaera's lair? | Lycia
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| More Triumphs: After Bellerophon fought a neighboring tribe, he conquered the women warrior known as the _______ | Amazons
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| Aftermath: How did Bellerophon eventually die? | Zeus sent a gadfly to sting Pegasus, who threw Bellerophon off. He spent the rest of his days wandering the land alone.
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| The Greek Underworld: The _ ______ are in charge of people's life and death. | The 3 Fates
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| The "string of life" | Clotho= the spinner
Lachesis= the measurer
Atropos= the cutter
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| At death, the soul, or _____, travels to the ________ ____ in order to go underground to the Greek Underworld. | shade; Taenarus Cave
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| The shade is accompanied by ______. | Hermes
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| Sometimes, the entire Underworld is known as _____ | Hades- the leader of the Underworld
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| The shade arrives at the Underworld River ____ (which means hate) | River Styx, which is murky and full of whirlpools
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| Mourners out a coin in the deceased's mouth or on their eyes to pay _______, the ferryman, for the journey across the River Styx in his boat. | Charon
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| Even _____ who entered the Underworld had to pay Charon. | heros
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| If the shade had no coin to give Charon, he/she would be doomed to wander the banks of the River Styx as ______ for ___ ______ | ghosts; 100 years
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| On one side of the River Styx, the shade must enter through the ___________ gates of the Underworld. | Adamantine gates
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| The Gates to the Underworld were guarded by ________, the vicious _____-_______ ___ | Cerberus: the vicious 3-headed dog
He allowed the shades to pass by, but kept out all trespassers from the world of the living. He also made certain that once your souls passed through the gates, it was never able to leave again.
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| Once across the river and through the gates of the Underworld, the shade is taken to the three _______ __ ___ ____ (including Rhadamanthus) | 3 judges of the dead, who decide if a shade is to be punished or rewarded
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| If the shade went to the ______, he/she went to the _______ _______, where the heroic lived forever. These fields were bathed in purple light and were filled with daffodils. | right; Elysian Fields
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| If the shade went to the ____, he/she was sent to Hades for __________. (These often included being tortured in flames) | left; punishment
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| Hades's palace was also in the Underworld, where there was an _____ throne for himself and __________. | ebony thrones; Persephone
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| Outside of the palace, ________ _______ and ___________ trees grew. | weeping willows and pomegranate trees grew
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| There were also ______ in the Underworld. These were ugly bird-women and were viciously cruel agents of punishment. They would snatch your food , defile it, and torment those who were on their way to Tartarus. | harpes
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| The environment in the Underworld was terrifying- dark and full of ______ and _________ | mists and marshes
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| ________ is in the deepest, darkest part of the Underworld- this is where the Titans were imprisoned after their battle with Zeus. | Tartarus
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| ________ would ambush travelers and rob them. He made it more difficult for shades to reach the Underworld by kidnapping the god of death and chaining him to a rock | Sisyphus
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| The _______ were 50 sisters who all killed their husbands on their wedding night | Danaids
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| Before a soul can leave the Underworld, he must drink from the River _____ or the river of forgetfulness | River Lethe
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| There was also a river of ______ and a river of _______ in the Underworld, and Hades's Kingdom was surrounded by a river of ____ | river of sorrow; river of wailing; river of fire
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| Echo | Crime: talked to much and annoyed Hera
Punishment: could only repeat the last 2 words she said and became only a voice
Theme: don't annoy the gods
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| Narcissus | Crime: fell in love with his reflection
Punishment: died and turned into a flower
Theme: don't think too highly of yourself
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| Arachne | Crime: challenged Athena
Punishment: she hung herself and then was turned into a spider
Theme: don't challenge the gods
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| Icarus | Crime: didn't listen to his father
Punishment: his wings melted and he drowned
Theme: Listen to your parents as they know best
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| Persephone: Persephone was the daughter of _______, the goddess of the _______ | Demeter, the goddess of the harvest
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| Wherever Persephone danced on her light feet, _______ sprang up. | flowers
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| What happened when the ground opened before Persephone? | A chariot with black horses appeared, and its rider was Hades. Hades then kidnapped Persephone and took her to the Underworld to be his queen.
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| Hades gave Persephone _______, but she only wanted warm ________, and her _______. | jewels; sunshine; mother
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| The only tree in the realm of Hades that bore fruit was a ______________ ____. | pomegranate tree
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| What happened while Demeter looked for her last daughter? | Flowers wilted, trees lost their leaves, and the fields became cold and barren.
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| Who delivered Zeus's message to Hades and then escorted Persephone out of the Underworld? | Hermes
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| What had Persephone done that required her to return to Hades for part of the year? | She had eaten a few pomegranate kernels, so she tasted the food of the dead.
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| What natural occurrence does this myth explain? | The seasons; When Persephone is in the Underworld, the fields are barren and cold= winter ad fall; When she is with Demeter, the fields are lush and warm= spring and summer
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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