Chemistry 51 - ELAC - General, organic and biochemistry
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Heterogeneous mixture | does not have a uniform composition throughout the sample.
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| Homogeneous mixture | has a uniform composition throughout the sample.
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| solution | is a homogeneous mixture that contains small particles. Liquid solutions are transparent
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| colloid | is a homogeneous mixture with larger particles, often having an opaque appearance.
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| solute | is the substance present in a lesser amount
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| solvent | is the substance present in a larger amount
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| Aqueous solution | has water as the solvent
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| electrolyte | a substance that conducts an electric current in water.
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| non-electrolyte | a substance that does not conduct an electric current in water.
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| 3 types of solutions | a solution of gases, a solid in liquid and a liquid in a solid.
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| Solubility | is the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent.
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| Saturated solution | contains the maximum number of grams of solute that can dissolve.
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| Unsaturated solution | contains less than the maximum number of grams of solute that can dissolve.
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| exothermic | when solvation releases more energy than that required to separate particles
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| endothermic | when the separation of particles requires more energy than is release during solvation.
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| Rule 1 | A compound is soluble if
- Group 1A cations: Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+
- Ammonium NH4+
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| Rule 2 | A compound is soluble if
- Halide: Cl-, Br-, I-, except for salts with Ag+, Hg2+2, and Pb2+
- Nitrate, NO3-
- Acetate, CH3CO2-
- Sulfate, SO4-2, except for salts with Ba2+, Hg2+2 and Pb2+
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