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The different pathogens causing diarrhoea, source and treatment

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Bacteria
Source/ history
Inv/toxigenicClinical feature
Investigations/Treatment
Systemic/ special consideratio
Ecoli 0157:H7   Hamburger: Undercooked beef   show No antibiotic Supportive, if needed Plasmapheresis   Haemolytic uraemic syndrome, thrombocytopaenia, renal failure  
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show Prolonged use of antibiotics   Invasive bacteria: fever, blood in stools, faecal leukocyte in stool   1)Metronidazole 2)Oral Vancomycin (not IV vanc. as low conc.) 3) IV metranidazole   Psuedomembranous collitis. C.diff toxin in stool  
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show Food and water   Invasive bacteria. Abdo pain in right lower quadrant mimicing appendicitis   Stool culture and Elisa Ceftriaxone+Gentamycin or Fluroquinolone    
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show Hx of travel   Fever abdominal pain, bloody diarrhoea   Elisa for amoeaba antigen using serum or stool - for acute. Metranidazole + Paromycin or Inodoquinol   Mucosal thickening and classic flask shaped ulcer. May mimic UC. Complication: Hepatic Abscess  
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show Diary products and meat   Toxigenic: watery diarrhoea, no blood, no fever, no faecal luecocyte. Vomiting more prominent than diarrhoea   Supportive   Rapid onset within <8 h.  
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Bacillus Cereus   Reheated rice   Toxigenic Vomiting more prominent than diarrhoea   show  
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Clostritium Perfringens   Rewarmed meat   show Supportive    
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Enterotoxigenic Ecoli   Hx of travel   show Ciprofloxacin    
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Vibrio Parahaemolyticus   show Toxigenic Diarrhoea more prominent than vomiting   Supportive    
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Vibrio cholera   Contaminated water   show IV fluids + Tetracycline    
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show Most common   FEVER, VOmiting but no leucocyte present in stool, NO blood.      
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Campylobacter Jejuni   show Invasive bacteria: fever, blood in stools, faecal leukocyte in stool   Ciprofloxacin or Erythromycin   Reactive arthritis, Gulliane Barre syndrome  
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Shigella   Not washing hands and cleaning food products   Invasive bacteria: fever, blood in stools, faecal leukocyte in stool   Ciprofloxacin   show
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Salmonella   Poor kitchen hygiene, not cleaning food, poorly thawed food.   Invasive bacteria   show * faecal leukocyt not present in salmonella*  
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Created by: Vernificus