Alexander the Great
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| Arrian is our primary source for Alexander in this course. He based his Anabasis on the works of Ptolemy and Aristobolis. First half second century AD.
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| Alexandria | Founded in 331: Alexander’s remains interred here.
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| Aornos | Hilltop settlement: thought that Herakles himself failed to capture it. Captured by Alexander in 326.
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| Babylon | One of the Persian capitals; place of Alexander’s death.
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| Bactria | Northeastern region of the Persian empire; final holdouts to Alexander’s conquest.
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| Gedrosia | Desert region through which Alexander took his troops in 325: many of the soldiers died.
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| Gordium | Gordian knot
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| Hellespont | Crossing point between Europe and Asia minor: used by Xerxes 150 years prior to Alexander (480/334).
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| Persepolis | One of the Persian capitals, central palace of which Alexander is said to have destroyed in a fire.
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| Siwah | Location of oracle of Ammon
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| Susa | One of the Persian capitals. Susa marriages in 324.
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| Tyre | Phoenician city thought to be impregnable as was located on an island; conquered by Alexander after a seven-month siege in 333.
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| Cleitus | Close friend of Alexander. Saved Alexander’s life at Granicus. Alexander killed him when a drunken quarrel got out of hand. Arrian commends Alexander for his very human regret over this.
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| Coenus | A high-ranking officer who spoke for the troops when they did not want to continue east, at the Hyphasis mutiny 325.
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| Craterus | Second-in-command following Parmenio’s death. Lead the veterans home and assumed command of Greece and Macedon in place of Antipater. Died in the wars of the Successors.
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| Hephaestion | Alexander’s closest friend. Died in 324 and accorded rites of heroic worship; grieved extremely by Alexander.
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| Nearchus | Friend of Alexander’s most notable for leading the navy along the coast of Gedrosia.
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| Parmenio | Philip, then Alexander’s, right-hand-man until 331, when given a lesser command; assassinated in 330 following the execution of his son, Philotas. Recorded in our narrative by Quintus Curtius.
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| Perdiccas | Close friend of Alexander. Regent to Alexander IV and Philip III, but lost power during wars of succession.
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| Philotas | Son of Parmenio: executed for suspicion of conspiring against Alexander.
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| Porus | Alexander’s last great opponent; defeated at the Hydaspes. Given a position of power by Alexander.
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| Ptolemy | Friend of Alexander: one of the successors, ruled over Egypt. Longest surviving dynasty ending with Cleopatra V.
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| Alexandria | Founded in 331: Alexander’s remains interred here.
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| Aornos | Hilltop settlement: thought that Herakles himself failed to capture it. Captured by Alexander in 326.
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| Babylon | One of the Persian capitals; place of Alexander’s death.
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| Bactria | Northeastern region of the Persian empire; final holdouts to Alexander’s conquest.
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| Gedrosia | Desert region through which Alexander took his troops in 325: many of the soldiers died.
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| Gordium | Gordian knot
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| Hellespont | Crossing point between Europe and Asia minor: used by Xerxes 150 years prior to Alexander (480/334).
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| Persepolis | One of the Persian capitals, central palace of which Alexander is said to have destroyed in a fire.
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| Siwah | Location of oracle of Ammon
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| Susa | One of the Persian capitals. Susa marriages in 324.
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| Tyre | Phoenician city thought to be impregnable as was located on an island; conquered by Alexander after a seven-month siege in 333.
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| Battle of Chaeronea, 338 | Alexander and Philip defeated Athens and Thebes, ending opposition in Greece. Alexander, in charge of cavalry, first important battle.
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| Battle of Granicus, 334 | Battled at Granicus rather than Hellespont. Alexander defeated the Persian troops and gained control of Asia Minor. Following this, Alexander secured the coastal cities to render the Persian fleet useless.
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| Battle of Issus, 333 | Alexander defeats the Persian army, this time led by Darius. Darius flees but Alexander captures his family.
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| Battle of Tyre, 332 | After a seven-month siege, Alexander captures the island city.
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| Battle of Guagamela, 331 | Final battle with Darius, who again fled.
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| Battle of Aornos Rock, 327 | Herakles was said to have failed to capture this city; Alexander did.
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| Battle of Hydaspes, 326 | Alexander’s last great challenge in the Persian empire, led by Porus.
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| Battle of Malli, 325 | A narrow victory: Alexander’s near-fatal arrow wound.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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