Chapter 5, Electrons in Atoms: vocab and key ideas
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| What are energy levels? | the fixed energies an electron can have.
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| What is a quantum of energy? | the amount of energy required to move an electron from one energy level to another energy level.
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| The modern description of the electrons in atoms is known as what? | the quantum mechanical model
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| What mathematical solution did the quantum mechanical model come from? | the Scrodinger equation
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| The quantum mechanicalmodel determines what? | the allowed energies an electron can have and how likely it is to find the electron in various locations around the nucleus of an atom.
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| What does the atomic orbital describe? | the probability of finding an electron at various locations around the nucleus.
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| Orbitals describe where an electron is likely to be ______. | found
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| What was John Dalton's theory of what an atom was/looked like? | a tiny soild sphere
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| The ways in which electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms are called what? | electron configuration
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| According the the ____ principle, electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first. | aufbau
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| What principle states that an atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons? | Pauli exclusion principle
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| Define spin: | a quantum mechanical property of electrons and may be thought of as clockwise or counterclockwise.
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| According to Hund's theory, electrons occupy what? | orbitals of the same energy in a way that makes the number of electrons with the same spin direction as large as possible/
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| The amplitude of a wave is the wave's what? | the wave's height from zero to the crest
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| What is the distance between the crets known as? | the wavelenght (also represented by the Greek letter lambda)
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| The frequency, represented by the Geek letter nu, is the number of what? | wave numbers to pass a given point per unit of time.
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| The SI unit of cycles per second is called what? | hertz
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| ______ includes: radio waves, light waves, infared waves,visible light, ulraviolet rays, x-rays and gamma rays. | Electromagnetic radiation
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| When sunlight enters a prism, the different wavelenghts separate into a _______ of colors. | spectrum
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| What are photons? | light auantas
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| When is the atom at ground state? | when the electron has its lowest possible energy
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| What does the Heinsenberg uncertainty principal state? | it is impossible to know both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time.
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