Introductory Logic by James Nance & Douglas Wilson, 4th ed.
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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Logic | The art and science of reasoning well.
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Law of Excluded Middle | Any statement is either true or false.
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Law of Identity | If a statement is true, then it is true.
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Law of Non-contradiction | A statement cannot be both true and false.
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Formal Logic | Deals with the proper modes of reasoning
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Informal Logic | Deals with operations of thinking that are indirectly related to reasoning.
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Induction | Reasoning with probability from examples or experience to general rules.
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Deduction | Reasoning with certainty from premises to conclusions.
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Term | A concept that can be expressed precisely
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Definition | A statement that gives the meaning of a term.
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Ambiguous | A word that has more than one definition.
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Vague | A word whose extent is unclear.
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6 Purposes of Definitions | 1. shows relationships
2. remove ambiguity
3. reduce vagueness
4. increase vocabulary
5. explain concepts theoretically
6. influence attitudes
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Lexical Definition | A single, established meaning of a term, from a dictionary.
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Precising Definition | Reduces the vagueness of a term.
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Stipulative Definition | A new word is invented.
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Pursuasive Definition | The aim is to persuade the listener to the term being defined.
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