Ch 1 Vocabulary Chemical Interactions book
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| chemistry | the study of the properties of matter and how matter changes
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| element | a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means
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| compounds | a substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio
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| mixture | made from two or more pure substances that are in the same place but not combined as a new material
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| pure substances | element and compounds
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| solution | a well-mixed mixture
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| physical change | a change that alters the form or appearance of a material but does not make the material into another substance
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| chemical change | a change in matter that produces new substances
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| precipitate | a solid that forms from solution during a chemical reaction
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| atom | the smallest particle of an element
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| molecule | the combination of two or more atoms
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| chemical bond | the force that holds atoms together
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| chemical equation | a shorter, easier way to show chemical reactions, using symbols instead of words
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| chemical formula | an element's one-letter or two-letter symbol
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| subscript | a number written lower and smaller than the symbol of an element; shows the number of atoms of an element in a molecule
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| reactants | the materials at the beginning of a chemical reaction
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| principle of conservation of mass | the amount of matter in a chemical reaction does not change, so the total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products
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| coefficient | a number in front of a chemical formula that tells how many molecules or atoms of each reactant take part in the reaction
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| synthesis | two or more substances combine to make a more complex compound
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| decomposition | breaks down compounds into simpler products
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| replacement reaction | one element replaces another in a compound or two elements in separate compounds trade places
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| exothermic reaction | a chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat
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| endothermic reaction | a chemical reaction that absorbs energy
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| activation energy | the minimum amount of energy that has to be added to start a reaction
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| concentration | the amount of material in a certain volume
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| surface area | the amount of exposed material
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| catalyst | a material that increases the rate of a reaction by lowering the activation energy
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| enzymes | biological catalysts that provide a surface on which reactions take place
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| inhibitor | decrease the rate of a chemical reaction by raising the activation energy, making it harder to get the reactions going
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| combustion | a rapid reaction between oxygen and a substance called a fuel
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| fuel | a material that releases energy when it burns
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| fire triangle | 3 things necessary to start and maintain a fire: fuel, oxygen, and heat
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