Z chem vocab for chapter 3 and 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Daltons atomic theory | all matter is made up of atoms, atoms can neither be created nor destroyed, atoms of a particular element are alike, atoms of different elements are different, a chem. change involves the union or separation of individual atoms.
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| law of conservation of matter | when a chemical reaciton takes place, matter is neither created or destroyed
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| law of constant composition | chemical compounds percent by mass must add up to be 100% total mass
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| electron | e- charged Thomson 1897
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| neutron | n+ charged chadwick 1932
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| proton | p+charged Thomson and Goldstein 1907
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| mass # | #p +#n
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| atomic # | #p
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| law of mendeleev | chem. and phys. properties repeat themselves when elements are in increasing atomic mass
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| law of octaves | every 8 elements the chem.& phys. properties repeat themselves
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| size of elements to right | smaller
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| size of elements down | larger
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| cation | positive charged
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| anion | negative charge
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| ionization energy | energy used to remove an electron
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| distance from neucleus | closer stronger charge
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| metals | lose electrons (cation)
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| non metals | gain electrons (anion)
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| ionization energy | energy used to remove and electron
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| energy of electromagnetic radiation | e=hc/y
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| e | energy of elecromagnatic radiation
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| h | j's
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| c | speed of light
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| y | wavelength of electromagnetic radiation
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| quantized energy | energy occurs in discreet amount
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| maximum electron capacities in shells | 2n^2
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| line spectra | electrons absorb energy from heat / light
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| electrons on higher levels | loose energy (we see as color )
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| ground state | arrangement with lowest total energy
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| exited state | one or more electron is in higher shell even though there is room in lower energy shell
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| schrodinger heisenberg | the uncertainty priciple
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| the uncertainty principle | impossible to know where an electron is or where it is going
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| s orbital | spherical
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| p orbital | dumbbell
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| d orbital | looks like 4 leaf clover
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