Stack #10314
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| The central nervous system (CNS) consist of? | brain and spinal cord
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| In the PNS, what is in the ganglia? | neuron cell bodies
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| In the PNS, what connects to the spinal cord? | spinal nerves
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| In the PNS, what connects to the brain? | cranial nerves
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| In the CNS, the center and tracts that link the BRAIN with the rest of the body are the: | sensory and motor pathways
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| The spinal cord is a part of the: | Central Nervous System
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| The identifiable areas of the spinal cord that are based on the regions the serve include: | CERVICAL, THORACIC, LUMBAR, SACRAL
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| The cervical enlargement of the spinal cord supplies nerves to the: | shoulder girdle and arms
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| If cerebrospinal fluid was withdrawn during a spinal tap, a needle would be inserted into the: | subarachnoid space
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| The white matter of the spinal cord contains: | Large amount of myelinated and unmyelinated axons
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| The area of the spinal cord that surrounds the central canal and is dominated by the cell bodies of neurons and glial cells is the: | white matter
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| The posterior gray horns of the spinal cord contain: | somatic and visceral sensory nuclei
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| The delicate connective tissue fibers that surround individual axons of the spinal nerves comprise a layer called the: | endoneurium
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| The branches of the cervical plexus innervate the muscles of the: | neck and extend into the thoracic cavity to control the diaphram
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| The brachial plexus innervates the: | shoulder girdle and arm
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| Divergence is the "neural circuit" that permits: | the broad distribution of a specific input
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| When sensory information is relayed from one part of the brain to another the pattern is called: | serial processing
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| The final step involved in a neural reflex is: | a response by the EFFECTOR
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| The goals of information processing during a neural reflex are the selection of: | an appropiate motor response and the activation of specific motor neurons
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| In the REFLEX ARC, information processing is performed by the: | motor neuron that controls peripheral effectors
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| The basic motor patterns of innate reflexes are: | genetically programmed
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| A professional skier making a rapid, automatic adjustment in body position while racing is an example of: | acquired reflex
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| When a sensory neuron synapses directly on a motor neuron, which itself serves as the processing center, the reflex is called: | monosynaptic reflex
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| The sensory receptors in the stretch reflex are: | muscle spindles
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| When one set of motor neurons is stimulated, those controlling antagonistic muscles are inhibited. This is an example of: | contralateral reflex
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| What basic characteristics do all polysynaptic reflexes share? | reciprocal innervation
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| As descending inhibitory synapses develop | the Babinski response disappears
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| The highest level of motor control involves a series of interactions that occur: | in centers in the brain that can modulate or build upon a reflexive motor pattern
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| In the PNS, neuron cells are located in: | ganglia
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| The terminal portion of the spinal cord is called: | conus medullaris
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| The supportive fibrous strand of the PIA MATER is the: | filum terminae
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| The cell bodies of neurons in the gray matter of the spinal cord form groups called: | nuclei
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| The white matter of the spinal cord is divided into regions called: | columns
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| The outermost layer of a spinal cord | epineurium
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| The branch of eachspinal nerve that provides sensory and motor innervation to the skin and muscles of the back | dorsal ramus
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| The area where each spinal nerve monitors a specific region of the body surface is known as | dermatome
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| When 2 neuronal pool synapses on the same motor neurons, the process is called | convergence
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| Automatic motor responses, triggered by specific stimuli | neural reflexes
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| A specialized cell that monitors conditions in the body or the external environment | receptor
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| Connections that form between neurons during development produce: | innate reflexes
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| Complex, learned motor patterns | acquired reflexes
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| Reflexes processed in the brain | cranial reflexes
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| Reflexes that control activities of the muscular system | somatic reflexes
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| A motor response that occurs on the side opposite the stimulus | crossed extensor reflex
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| The withdrawal reflex affecting the muscles of the limb | flexor reflex
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| Elevated facilitation leading to an enhancement of spinal reflexes | reinforcement
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| Stroking an infant's foot on the side of the sole produces a fanning of the toes | Babinski reflex
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| axons | nerve bundles
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| dorsal roots | sensory information to spinal cord
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| ventral roots | contains axons of motor neurons
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| spinal meninges | specialized membranes
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| white matter | ascending,descending tracts
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| epineurium | outermost layer of spinal cords
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| cervical plexus | spinal nerves C1-C5
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| brachial plexus | spinal nerves C5-T1
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| reverberation | positive feedback
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| neural "wiring" | reflex arc
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| peripheral effector | muscle or gland cells
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| somatic reflexes | controls the activites of the muscular system
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| stretch reflex | monosynaptic reflex
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| tendon reflex | golgi tendon organ
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| crossed extensor reflex | contralateral response
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| same-side reflex | ipsilateral response
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| descending pathways | provides facilitation, inhibition
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