| Question | Answer |
| Communication involves an ongoing and reciprocal process among all participants. The step in the process in which the recipient interprets the message is:
feedback
decoding
encoding
interpretation | decoding |
| When a message is transformed into an understandable sign and symbol system, the process is referred to as
interpretation
noise
encoding
decoding | encoding |
| Television executives wait days, weeks, even months for the ratings of new programs. This is an example of:
feedback
direct feedback
inferential feedback
indirect feedback | inferential feedback |
| Culture is socially constructed and maintained through communication. It:
limits as well as liberates us
defines our realities
shapes the way we think, feel, and act
All of these are correct | all of these are correct |
| What percentage of his/her waking hours does the average person spend consuming mass media content?
25%
50%
60%
75% | 60% |
| What percentage of the U.S. population uses the Internet on a regular basis?
50 percent
90 percent
45 percent
75 percent | 75% |
| Which media does a typical American adult spend the most time on each day?
television
videogames
books
The Internet | TV |
| The notion that machines and their development drive economic and cultural change is referred to as:
the cultural storytelling function of media
the cultural forum function of media
bounded cultures
technological determinism | technological determinism |
| The ability to effectively and efficiently comprehend and use written symbols is referred to as:
alliteracy
literacy
illiteracy
literature | literacy |
| The cultural impact of Gutenberg's printing press was that:
written communication became available to the masses
new ideas spread throughout culture at a faster rate
history could be preserved
All of these are correct. | All of these correct |
| When someone argues that she is not influenced by the notions of feminine beauty as expressed in advertising, this is an example of
media literacy skills
multiple points of access
third-person effect
first-person effect | third-person effect |
| Geraldo Rivera, the journalist, talk show host, and showman, is an example of
mixing production values
developing heightened expectations of media content
mixing genre conventions
All of these are correct. | mixing genre conventions |
| The ability to effectively and efficiently comprehend and use mass media content is
media awareness
media literacy
moral reasoning
media alliteracy | media literacy |
| You enjoy The Daily Show as a television comedy and as a means for learning about current events and political viewpoints. This is an example of using:
media literacy skills
multiple points of access
media sophistication
moral reasoning | multiple points of access |
| Media multitasking is best defined as:
the erosion of traditional distinctions among media
the increasing amounts of media consumption among audiences
simultaneously consuming many different kinds of media | simultaneously consuming many different kinds of media |
| What is the term used to describe the phenomenon of the ownership of media companies becoming increasingly concentrated in fewer and fewer hands?
economies of scale
concentration of ownership
globalization
convergence | concentration of ownership |
| Time Warner, the world's largest media company, owns Time Inc., CNN, Warner Bros. Studies and Fortune magazine. This is an example of:
economies of scale
concentration of ownership
globalization
convergence | concentration of ownership |
| The audience of mass media is becoming less of a mass audience, its segments more narrowly defined. What is the term for this?
audience fragmentation
narrowcasting
conglomeration
All of these | audience fragmentation |
| Which of the following is an example of narrowcasting? | On television, Nickelodeon targets kids as its primary audience while TV Land is geared to baby boomers. |
| Groups of demographically targeted people bound by little more than an interest in a given form of media content are referred to as
a market niche
a target audience
a fragmented audience
taste publics | taste public |
| The integration, for a fee, of specific branded products into media content is:
hypercommercialism
brand entertainment
narrowcasting
product placement | product placement |
| In what way(s) do critics say concentration and conglomeration affect American democracy?
The focus on profit has led news media to concentrate less on foreign news and more on celebrity news.
Corporate media shape the news to serve its own political | all of these are correct |
| Watching CNN video and reading online news on your cell phone is an example of:
conglomeration
concentration of ownership
hypercommercialism
erosion of distinctions | erosion of distinction |
| When audience members weigh the level of reward they expect from a given medium against how much effort they must make to secure that reward, it is known as:
expectation of reward
effort required
fraction of selection
platform preference | fraction of selection |
| In the mass communication process, a blogger, the New York Times, and two college students who create digital video movies for a Web site are all:
members of the audience
platform producers
content consumers
content producers | content producers |
| Appointment consumption means:
audiences consume content at a time predetermined by the producer and distributor
the ability to consume any media content, any time, any place
synergy
All of these | audiences consume content at a time predetermined by the producer and distributor |
| Which of the so-called Big Four media industry trade magazines cover radio, television, cable, the Internet and satellite distribution of content?
Editor and Publisher
Advertising Age
Variety
Broadcasting & Cable | Broadcasting & Cable |
| When you visit a Web site, download some piece of content via the Internet, or purchase a product online, what step in the communication process does this represent?
content producing
content consuming
consumption-on-demand
feedback | feedback |
| The first book printed in Colonial America was
Poor Richard's Almanack
The Whole Booke of Psalms
The Gutenberg Bible
Common Sense | The Whole Book of Psalms |
| The reason(s) why book publishing flourished in America in the 1860s was
the increased demand for books
the popularity of novels
technological advances
both the increased demand for books and technological advances | both the increased demand for books and technological advances |
| Why do historians believe chained Bibles existed? | to ensure that reading and interpreting their content would be supervised and controlled |
| Dime novels, which attracted many new readers in the 1800s, are important to the history of book publishing in America because | they democratized books and turned them into a mass medium |
| Why are books seen as a powerful cultural force?
books provide a perspective on the past
books are an important source of personal development
books are an important cultural repository
All of these are correct. | all of these are correct |
| Which of these books are among the most frequently banned books in the past 10 years?
Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone
To Kill a Mockingbird
The Adventures of Huckleberry Fin
All of the above | All of the above |
| What should be the role of the publisher and the book publishing industry when attempts are made at censoring books? | publishers should strongly argue that free speech requires protection and encouragement |
| Which of these sales categories is not among those The Association of American Publishers divides books into?
Higher education
Romance novels
Mail-order
Standardized tests | Romance Novels |
| A positive result of conglomeration within the book publishing industry is:
the price of books will continue to decline
big companies can attract better authors
product quality will continue to improve because larger companies hire more editors | big companies can attract better authors |
| The staggering increase in the number of new titles released each year can be attributed in large part to what forms of books?
e-publishing
DEN's
d-books and POD
paperbacks | e-books |
| Stories that unfold serially through e-mails, instant messaging, and Web sites are called
POD's.
PDA's.
DEN's.
d-books. | DENs |
| The trials of such celebrities as O.J. Simpson and Kobe Bryant as well as the television show The Apprentice have spawned this type of book:
DEN's
d-books
synergistic books
instant books | instant books |
| Today, most Americans buy books from
chain bookstores
the Internet
independent bookstores
Amazon.com | chain book stores |
| What is the significance of the Harry Potter book series?
the series interests both young people and adults
with each new installment, there is a reverse in the decline of reading by young people
All of above are correct. | all of the above are correct |
| The one-page news sheets about specific events in 17th century Europe are considered the earliest form of "newspaper". They were called
Acta Diurna
broadsides
diurnals
corantos | Corantos |
| The first daily newspaper published in Colonial America was
Publick Occurrences Both Foreign and Domestick
the New York Weekly Journal
the Pennsylvania Gazette
the New-England Courant | Publick Occurrences Both Foreign and Domestick |
| The New York Sun is an example of
a penny press newspaper
the first African-American newspaper
John Peter Zenger's newspaper
the newspaper published by James and Benjamin Franklin | a penny press newspaper |
| The first wire service in the United States began operation in 1856 and was called
United Press
International News Service
Associated Press
New York Associated Press | New York Associated Press |
| Yellow journalism is characterized by
the quest for a higher educated readership
sensational sex, crime, and disaster news
a focus on political news
All of these are correct. | sensational sex, crime, and disaster news |
| Approximately how many newspapers are sold daily in the United States?
90 million
25 million
50 million
4 million | 50 million |
| Which one of the following newspapers is the oldest national daily newspaper?
Wall Street Journal
Christian Science Monitor
USA Today
New York Times | Wall Street Journal |
| Which newspaper is considered the "nation's newspaper of record"?
Wall Street Journal
Washington Post
USA Today
New York Times | New York Times |
| Some 35 Spanish-language daily newspapers are published in the United States. These are examples of
the alternative press
commuter papers
the ethnic press
the dissident press | the ethnic press |
| How much of the overall revenue spent on advertising in the United States goes to newspapers?
45%
16%
25%
70% | 16% |
| In a recent study that asked respondents to identify the most credible and most helpful advertising medium, Americans favored:
television
the Internet
magazines
newspapers | newspapers |
| What effect has conglomeration had on newspapers?
hypercommercialism
erasure of distinction between advertising and news
loss of the journalistic mission
All of these are correct. | all of these are correct |
| When newspapers place advertising on the front page, it is an example of
a joint operating agreement
convergence
hypercommercialization.
All of these are correct. | hypercommercialization |
| How has the Internet hurt newspapers the most financially? | the Internet has taken away much classified advertising business from newspapers |
| What percentage of 18-to-24 year-olds read a newspaper?
50%
15%
70%
10% | 15% |
| According to your reading, who was Keven Sites? | A CNN employee whose blog was shut down by CNN. |
| Other than writing for the New Yorker, what occupation has Atul Gawande held?
A writer for the Blogger's Herald
An investigator for the IRS.
A surgeon.
A university researcher.
A lawyer. | A surgeon |
| In his analysis of America's healthcare crisis, what two American cities did Gawande use as case studies for comparison?
McAllen, TX, and Ft. Worth, TX
Boston, Mass., and New York, NY
Chicago, Ill. and McAllen, TX
McAllen, TX, and El Paso, TX | McAllen, TX, and El Paso, TX |
| According to the Los Angeles Times, who was the anonymous blogger who posted under the pseudonym "Buckhead"?
Dan Rather
Karl Rove
Harry MacDougald
George W. Bush
John Kerry | Harry MacDougald |
| The first magazine to be published in Colonial America was
General Magazine and Historical Chronicle for All the British Plantations
American Magazine or a Monthly View of the Political State of the British Colonies
the Saturday Evening Post | American Magazine or a Monthly View of the Political State of the British Colonies |
| How many blogs are concentrated into the "most-influential" group of agenda-setters of public discussion?
20
400
50
200
1,000 | 200 |
| According to Clay Shirky, which blogs tend to serve as agenda-setters for the mainstream mass news media?
The blogs that are linked to (and link to other blogs) the most.
Blogs that are written by experts in their field. | The blogs that are linked to (and link to other blogs) the most. |
| The Crisis, first published in 1910 as the voice of the ______________, was founded and edited by W.E.B. DuBois.
Sierra Club
Democratic Party
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
American Socialist Party | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People |
| Which is a key reason(s) for the phenomenal growth of magazines following the Civil War?
increasing literacy in America
the expansion of the railroad system
the reduction in cost of magazines
All of these are correct | All of these are correct |
| Cosmopolitan is an example of
the first magazine for women
a muckraking magazine
the first consumer magazine
a popular magazine for women during the mass circulation era | a muckraking |
| When did the magazine evolve from a locally distributed form of media to a national mass medium?
following World War II
following World War I
following the Civil War
following the introduction of Gutenberg's press with movable type | following the Civil War |
| What category of magazine saw the largest number of new titles during the late 1800s?
news magazines
men's magazines
trade publications
women's magazines | women's magazines |
| The power of magazines is related to a reader's personal experience with the publication—including its advertising. This is referred to as
demographic desirability
affinity
engagement
All of these are correct. | engagment |
| The magazine industry took in more than $24 billion in revenue in 2006. What percentage of that was generated by advertising revenue?
32 percent
55 percent
13 percent
20 percent | 55% |
| When magazines publish special versions of an issue that contain editorial content and advertising geared to a specific demographic or regional grouping, this is known as
narrowcasting
zoned editions
special interest publications
split runs | spilt runs |
| The total number of issues of a magazine that are sold is called
circulation
controlled circulation
press runs
split runs | circulation |
| Magazines generally get their readers through
(50 %) subscriptions
single-copy sales
free copies distributed as promotions
a combination of subscriptions and single-copy sales | a combination of subscriptions and single-copy sales |
| A new model is being investigated to better assess magazine advertisers' return on investment to include more than circulation. What criteria, in addition to numbers of people the magazine reaches, would be included? | the effect magazine ads have on brand awareness
the effect magazine ads have on readers' intent to buy
actions taken by readers |
| An example of the convergence that has taken place between magazines and the Internet is/are:
webzines.
Salon
(33 %) The Onion
All of these are correct. | all of these are correct |
| The practice of creating a magazine specifically designed for an individual company seeking to reach a narrowly defined audience is called
convergence
advertorializing
custom publishing
an ad-pull policy | custom publishing |
| What is Abercrombie & Fitch's designer catalogue an example of?
a brand magazine
a magalogue
complementary copy
advertorial | magalouge |
| In Action Comics #1, why did Superman break two of the governor's doors down?
He was trying to save the governor from an assassin.
He was trying to get the governor to stop an execution. | He was trying to get the governor to stop an execution. |
| In the final twist to his opening adventure, what plot did Superman eavesdrop upon?
A gang planning a jewel heist.
A senator taking a bribe to "embroil America with Europe." | A senator taking a bribe to "embroil America with Europe." |
| On the cover of Captain America Comics #1, who was Captain America punching?
The Red Skull
Baron Zemo
Batroc the Leaper
Adolf Hitler
Joseph Stalin | adolf Hitler |
| The Paramount Decision:
ended the practice of block booking
ruled vertical integration illegal
destroyed the big studios' hold over moviemaking
All of these are correct. | all of these are correct |
| What device sparked the birth of the American movie business?
Edison's Vitascope
the kinetoscope
the calotype
the daguerreotype | Edison's vitascope |
| The first American-made motion picture to tell a story was
A Trip to the Moon
The Great Train Robbery
The Birth of a Nation
The Birth of a Race | The Great Train Robbery |