| Question | Answer |
| What are rescue incidents? | involve the removal and treatment of victims from situations involving natural elements, structural collapse, elevation differences, or any other situation not considered to be an extrication incident |
| What are extrication incidents? | invovle the removal and treatment of victims who are trapped by some type of man-made machinery or equipment |
| What is the primary role of the fire department at a motor vehicle accident? | To help the rescue team extricate victims and to coordinate with emergency medical personnel providing first aid and police officers controlling the scene |
| What is the golden hour? | The patient has approximately 60 minutes from the time of the incident until surgical intervention |
| What must take place in the golden hour? | 1. Notification
2. Dispatch
3. Response
4. Scene stabilization
5. Vehicle stabilization
6. Patient extrication
7. Patient packaging
8. Patient transport
9. Stabilization in the emergency room
10. Surgical intervention |
| What is the platinum 10 concept? | -Being able to remove the patient from the vehicle/entanglement and be enroute to a trauma centre within 10 minutes of our arrival on scene |
| What three categories can safety be divided into? | -Rescue personnel safety
-Scene safety
-Patient safety |
| What is rescuer safety composed of? | -Positioning responding unit to protect from traffic
-Full PPE
-Eye protection
-Gloves
-Helmet c/w shield
-Traffic safety vest
-Full duty gear |
| What is scene safety composed of? | -hazard control
-hand line at the ready
-have fire extinguisher ready
-traffic control
-crowd control
-control of other agencies |
| What is patient safety composed of? | -Protect patient from harm while stabilizing the scene and vehicles
-cover the patient as needed
-someone should stay with pt, because of noise of extrication
-provide pt with comfort and perform a complete primary survey |
| What is the first priority at the scene of a vehicle collision? | rescuer safety |
| What factors influence the size of the inner circle? | -number of patients
-degree of entrapment
-number and size of vehicles
-other hazards |
| What are things the rescuers should look for while doing a outer circle? | -Hazards
-# of victims
-Other potential problems |
| Where are the power units kept? | the warm zone |
| What happens in the cold zone? | -fire command
-Tool staging
-personnel staging
-apparatus placement |
| _______ touch a vehicel unless you are certain that the vehicle is ____ ________ by downed wires, _________ ______________ feeds, or sources | Never, not energized, underground electrical |
| What should you have with you while approaching a vehicle? | -Have a charged hose line
-CO2 or dry chem extinguisher ready |
| What are the sides of a vehicle? | -Driver's side
-Passenger's side
-Front
-Rear
-Roof
-Under Carriage
-Inside
-Outside |
| What is the A, B and C posts? | -A post: either side of the windshield
-B post: form the rearmost portion of the driver's doorframe
-C posts: frame either side of the rear window |
| What are the different types of collisions? | -Head-on collisions
-T-bone collisions
-Rear-end collision
-Roll over
-Rotational |
| What are the different compartments of a vehicle | -Passenger
-Storage
-Engine |
| What is the easiest way to gain access to the patient? | open the door |
| What is the second easiest way to gain access to the patient? | glass removal |
| What is the 5-10-20 rule? | -5" from the side
-10" from the driver
-20" from passenger |
| What type of words designate an airbag? | -supplemental inflatable restraint
-Air bag
-SIR: supplemental inflatable restraint
-SRS: supplemental restraint system
-SIPS: side impact protection system
-HPS: head protection system
-IC |
| At what speed must a car crash be in order for the airbags to activate? | 12mph |
| What does the residue in the airbags become? | -sodium bicarbonate
-Corn starch |
| What is the main constituent of air bags? | -Sodium azide |
| What side do you remove first when you are removing a battery? | the negative cable |
| What do you use the electrical tape on? | both battery posts and cables |
| What should you assess on an inner circle? | -number and condition of vehicles
-Number of patients
-Extrication needs
-Hazardous conditions |
| What are the 4 different options that can be used for disintenglement? | -Displacement
-Distortion
-Severance
-Disassembly |
| If a person has life threatening vital signs in a car accident what must be done? | "immediate release" by removing just enough material to get the patient out with as little movement as possible. The motto "life over limb" can be used here. |
| What must you never do to test vehicle stability? | never shake the vehicle |
| how do you get horizontal stabilization on a vehicle? | -Chock the wheels
-Set emergency brake
-Set vehicle to park |
| How do you get vertical stabilization on a vehicle? | -use jacks
-ropes
-webbing
-chains
-cribbing |
| What must you do prior to entry? | -Always stabilize prior to entry |
| How high do you lift the car when chock cribbing? | 1 and 1/2 inches |
| How high can the height of the finished crib be? | cannot be any higher than 3x the working length of the timbers |
| What are the rules of thumb concerning wood cribbing? | -2 foot timber= 6 foot high crib max
-Flat level base
-Crib as you go
-Do not place body part between crib and vehicle |
| What are the two different types of motor vehicle glass? | -Safety glass
-Tempered glass |
| Where is safety glass used? | windshields |
| How do you remove safety glass? | puncture the windshield and cut across the top and down the sides of the window |
| What do you say before you break glass? | breaking glass |
| How should rescuers approach vehicles? | at a 45 degree angle from the sides |
| How high can the voltage be on electric cars? | 650V |
| What are the emergency procedures of hybrid vehicles? | -hybrid vehicle identification
-vehicle stabilization
-access to passenger compartment
-turn key OFF remove
-Check that green light goes out
-Disconnect 12-volt battery |
| What are the different groupings of tools used in vehicle extrication? | -striking tools
-prying tools
-cutting tools
-pushing/pulling tools
-Supporting tools |
| What are some striking tools? | -sledgehammers
-mauls, picks
-axes, mallets
-hammers
-punches
-chisels |
| What are some prying tools? | -crowbar
-halogen
-pry bar
-claw tool
-pry axe
-flat bar
-jack-all |
| What are some cutting tools? | -chopping tools
-Snippling tools
-Saws
-Knives |
| What are some pushing/pulling tools? | -jack all
-rescue winch
-air lifting bag
-holmatro: spreaders, ram, combi tool |
| What are some supporting tool? | -air struts
-wood cribbing
-step-chucks
-wedges
-chains
-ropes
-webbing
-anchor slings
-jack all
-come-along |
| How much force can the homatro spreaders produce? | 220 KN |
| How far can extension rams spread objects? | from 457-1524mm |
| What air pressure does the air chisel operate between? | 100-150psi |
| What are the principle parts of an air strut? | -the piston
-the barrel
-collar
-base plate
-tip
-valve |
| What are the specific safety procedures concerning pneumatic tools? | -do NOT use around flammable vapors
-do NOT use when bit is in direct line of personnel
-do NOT use O2 as a means to power the equipment |
| What are the specific safety procedures concerning prying tools? | -do NOT use as striking tools
-do NOT lengthen handles or otherwise modify |
