| Question | Answer |
| What does DNA stand for? | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| A member of a gene pair that determines a specific trait is an _______ | Allele |
| Who is the Father of Genetics? | Gregor Mendel |
| A _______ has genes that are different for a trait, such as Tt. | Hybrid |
| The actual gene makeup of an organism is its ________ | genotype |
| ___________ are physical characteristics of an organism that are passed down from one generation to the next | traits |
| _________ __________ is a condition in which neither of the two genes in a gene pair masks the other. (Red x White = pink) | Incomplete Dominance |
| ____________ are rod-shaped structures found in the nucleus of every cell in an organism. | chromosomes |
| A __________ trait is expressed when two different genes for the same trait are present | dominant |
| The physical appearance of a trait is called the ____________ | phenotype |
| Mendel experimented with ______ _____ to learn about genetics | Pea Plants |
| a ____________ gene pair consists of two dominant alleles or two recessive alleles. | Homozygous |
| According to the ________ of __________, one gene from each gene pair goes to each sex cell | Law of segregation |
| The traits of an organism are controlled by its ________ | genes |
| A ________ _______ is a chart used to show the possible used to show the possible gene combination in a cross between two organisms | Punnett Square |
| A _____________ gene pair that consists of a dominant allele and and a recessive allele | Heterozygous |
| The ___________ __________ generation is the offspring of the P, or parental, generation. | First Filial |
| A ____________ is a scientist who studies heredity | Geneticist |
| A ____________ trait seems to disappear when two different genes for the same trait are present | Recessive |
| Organisms inherit genes in pairs, one from each _____________ | Parent |
| ___________ is the study of heredity | Genetics |
| The _____________ states that each gene pair is inherited independently of the gene pairs for other traits | Law of Independent Assortment |
| Prokaryotic cells reproduce by a process called what? | Binary Fission |
| In eukaryotic cells, DNA is copied during a phase of the cell cycle called | S phase |
| The cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell divides by a process called? | cytokinesis |
| The fibers that extend from centrosome during mitosis are__________ | spindle fibers |
| In the G_o phase, cells __________ | exit from the cell cycle |
| explain ribonucleic acid (RNA) | a molecule made of linked nucleotides |
| explain uracil | a nitrogen base used in RNA instead of the base thymine found in DNA |
| explain transcription | the process of transferring a gene's instructions for making a protein to an RNA molecule |
| explain translation | the process of reading instructions on an RNA molecule to put together the amino acids that make up a protein |
| explain gene expression | the entire process by which proteins are made |
| When does transcription begin? | when RNA polymerase binds the the gene's promoter |
| RNA polymerase adds complementary _________ nucleotides as it "reads" the gene | RNA |
| In eukaryotes, transcription takes place where? | In the nucleus |
| What is primary succession? | The colonization of living organisms into an area that was not previously colonized by any living things |
| What is secondary succession? | The regeneration of the living community after a major disturbance |
| What is a pioneer species | Species which colonize previously non-colonized land, usually leading to ecological succession |
| Where does primary succession take place? | In an area that is originally completely empty of life |
| where does secondary succession take place? | in an area where life once existed bu has then been destroyed |
