Busy. Please wait.

Don't have an account? Sign up

taken

Age:

12 or younger
13 or older

Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password

Enter the email address associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.

Upgrade to remove ads

Unit 3

Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

Normal Size Small Size show me how

Created by: Gluis5974

Question	Answer
Which one of the following terms best describes the location of the kidneys? retroperitoneal adrenal peritoneal abdominopelvic	retroperitoneal
The urinary system is able to regulate __________________ by adjusting the volume of water lost in urine. blood pressure. blood cell production. valuable nutrients. the concentration of vitamins. All of the above.	blood pressure.
Which of the choices below is not a function of the urinary system? maintains blood osmolarity excretes carbon dioxide, water, salts, and heat helps regulate blood pH levels helps maintain homeostasis by controlling the composition and volume of blood	excretes carbon dioxide, water, salts, and heat
The ________ is not an organ of the urinary system. liver urinary bladder urethra kidney ureter	liver
Which of the following transports urine from the kidney toward the bladder? liver ureter prostate urethra small intestine	Ureter
The medial area at which the renal blood vessels enter and exit the kidney is called the renal ___________ column hilum cortex sinus medulla	hilum
The functional unit of the kidney is the ________. renal pyramid renal hilum renal loop nephron capsular space	nephron
The renal corpuscle contains________. afferent and efferent arterioles simple squamous epithelia The glomerular capsule and glomerulus podocytes All of the above	The glomerular capsule and glomerulus
The portion of the renal tubule closest to the glomerulus is the ________. nephron loop proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) collecting duct distal convoluted tubule (DCT)	proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
The unique structure and arrangement of the cells from the previous question results in the formation of filtration slits capillary slits protein pumps fresh, clean blood	filtration slits
A byproduct of protein catabolism called________ is produced by the liver, and constitutes a large portion of nitrogenous waste. urea ammonia uric acid creatinine azotemia	urea
A byproduct of nucleic acid catabolism called________ constitutes a large portion of nitrogenous waste. urea creatinine ammonia uric acid azotemia	uric acid
A toxic buildup of nitrogenous waste products associated with excessive vomiting, diarrhea and cardiac arrhythmia: creatinine poisoning diabetes insipidus uremia, or End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) phrenic insufficient secretion syndrome (PISS)	uremia, or End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
Which one of the following substances is NOT reabsorbed under normal healthy conditions? urea glucose amino acids water	urea
Normal glomerular filtrate contains all of the following except ________. urea solutes red blood cells uric acid water	red blood cells
The first step in urine formation is metabolic waste products are produced by cells fluid and solutes are filtered out of the glomerular capillaries into the glomerular capsule. ADH is secreted by the pituitary gland.	fluid and solutes are filtered out of the glomerular capillaries into the glomerular capsule.
The presence of protein in the urine is called ____, and may indicate ______. leukouria, a bladder or kidney infection proteinuria, damage to the glomerular filtration membrane urea toxicity, too much protein in the diet	proteinuria, damage to the glomerular filtration membrane
During urine formation, the overall purpose of countercurrent exchange is to ___. increase the volume of urine produced in an effort to lower blood volume increase the osmolarity of the peritubular fluid, which then increases the reabsorption of water	increase the osmolarity of the peritubular fluid, which then increases the reabsorption of water
The descending limb of the nephron loop ___. actively pumps water into the ascending loop contains filtrate that becomes more concentrated toward the bottom of the loop is not permeable to water	contains filtrate that becomes more concentrated toward the bottom of the loop
In the thick ascending limb of the nephron loop, ________. glucose freely diffuses out into the peritubular fluid ions (such as Na+ and Cl-) are actively pumped out into the peritubular fluid	ions (such as Na+ and Cl-) are actively pumped out into the peritubular fluid
An increase in antidiuretic hormone (ADH) causes the kidneys to ________ the reabsorption of water, leading to a ________ output of urine. increase; lower decrease; higher increase; higher decrease; lower	increase; lower
Which of the following describes the mechanism by which antidiuretic hormone (ADH) functions?	ADH increases the number of water channels on the tubules and collecting ducts
The inner lining of the urinary bladder and ureters is composed of ________ epithelium. simple cuboidal simple squamous stratified squamous transitional	transitional
Select the correct statement about the ureters. The ureters are lined with simple squamous epithelium to allow for faster diffusion of urine into the bladder. The ureters deliver urine to the bladder with both gravity and smooth muscle contractions.	The ureters deliver urine to the bladder with both gravity and smooth muscle contractions.
Infection of the urinary bladder is called nephritis. urethritis. cystitis. pyelitis. nephrolithiasis.	cystitis.
Micturition is another term for ________ the countercurrent exchange process inflammation of the urinary bladder the elimination of urine glomerular filtration the production of nitrogenous wastes	the elimination of urine
incontinence	the loss of urinary control
nocturia	the need to get up throughout the night to urinate
hypovolemia	body fluid declines, but osmolarity remains normal
dehydration	a decline in body fluid with a rise in ECF osmolarity
What determines the movement of water from one fluid compartment to another? The temperature difference between compartments The relative volume in each compartment The relative concentration of solutes in each compartment	The relative concentration of solutes in each compartment
The ________ fluid compartment of the body consists of all of the fluid inside the cells, whereas the ________ fluid compartment consists of fluid outside the cells, such as interstitial fluid and plasma.	intracellular; extracellular
If the extracellular fluid (ECF) becomes hypotonic with respect to the intracellular fluid (ICF), which event will likely occur?	Water will move from the interstitial fluid into the cells.
Most body water intake is from ________, whereas most body water lost is via ________. metabolic water; cutaneous transpiration drinking; urination drinking; cutaneous transpiration and expired air metabolic water; sweat drinking; radiation	drinking; urination
The majority (65%) of body fluid is in the form of Saliva Tissue (interstitial) fluid Blood plasma and lymph Intracellular fluid (ICF) Extracellular fluid (ECF)	Intracellular fluid (ICF)
Which statement(s) is/are true regarding obligatory water loss? it can be controlled effectively by not letting the body become too warm. it is unavoidable. it is equal to a persons maximum daily urine output.	it is unavoidable.
Which of the following occurs in response to an increases in blood volume and blood pressure? ADH release is increased. The kidneys produce less urine. The renal tubules reabsorb more sodium. ADH release is inhibited.	ADH release is inhibited.
Hemorrhaging or severe diarrhea would likely result in which of the following? A decrease in water volume and a decrease in osmolarity An increase in ECF volume but a decrease in ICF volume volume depletion (hypovolemia) an increase in urine output	volume depletion (hypovolemia)
The driving force for water intake is ________. glomerular filtration metabolism the renin-angiotensin mechanism the thirst mechanism	the thirst mechanism
As urine volume decreases, its osmolarity decreases. stays the same. depends on particular solutes. increases.	increases
Given what you know about the osmolarity of the fluids, tissues, and cells in the body, why is it dangerous to drink seawater?	In the digestive system, the seawater would draw water out of the tissues and cells, leading to severe dehydration.
Which of the following would not contribute to dehydration? overuse of diuretics excessive perspiration diabetes insipidus ADH hypersecretion	ADH hypersecretion
Filtration of blood across an artificial membrane is called renal failure. hemodialysis. renal transplant. hemolysis.	hemodialysis
When ketone bodies are present in the urine in large amounts, it usually indicates the breakdown of ___________ for energy. muscle tissue glycogen amino acids fat	fat